n-Type and Ambipolar Polymer Semiconductors

技术概要：所有当前聚合物半导体器件（例如薄膜晶体管、光伏电池、发光晶体管、发光二极管和光电探测器）的性能主要受到当前材料的电荷载流子迁移率的限制。 因此，提高所有这些器件的性能并将其推向实际系统应用的根本挑战是实现更高的电荷载流子迁移率。此外，对n型和双极性聚合物半导体的研究远远落后于p型聚合物半导体。在这个项目中，基本的洞察力的结构因素，管理高迁移率的电子和双极电荷传输聚合物半导体寻求。新型有机溶剂可溶的n型聚合物半导体将被合成和研究，包括聚（蒽唑啉），聚（吡嗪并喹喔啉），和梯形聚（吡嗪并喹喔啉），而聚（双吲哚喹啉）和其他供体-受体共聚物将被探索作为双极性半导体。聚合物半导体薄膜和纳米线的固态形态和分子堆积将通过电子显微镜和X射线衍射技术来表征。 以场效电晶体为平台，量测高分子半导体薄膜及奈米线之电荷载子迁移率。最有前途的材料将在高性能场效应晶体管，互补逆变器和光伏电池中进行探索。将联合收割机空气稳定性与高电子迁移率或双极传输与高载流子迁移率相结合的聚合物半导体将可用于开发用于逻辑和存储功能的全塑料互补集成电路以及用于提高塑料太阳能电池的效率。事实上，具有高载流子迁移率的双极性聚合物的实现可以彻底改变有机太阳能电池、发光晶体管和所有有机电子器件和系统的设计。基于有机和聚合物半导体的电子器件，称为塑料电子器件，开始在手机，数码相机和汽车仪表板中找到许多应用。塑料电子产品也在测试中，用于从计算机和电视屏幕的平板显示器、固态照明、化学和生物传感器到低成本太阳能电池的应用。本项目将发展提高聚合物半导体性能的基础知识。该项目的成果将为塑料电子产品以及信息技术和可再生能源的相关应用带来新的材料和制造技术。该项目为科学家和工程师，包括妇女和少数民族，在塑料电子学的新兴跨学科领域的培训提供了极好的机会，这需要化学，物理学，材料科学和工程学的知识。首席调查员？实验室与希腊、韩国、台湾、瑞士和日本的科学家在塑料电子领域进行了多项研究合作;它接待了来自这些国家的高级科学家和学生的访问。该项目将加强这些国际合作。

TECHNICAL SUMMARY: The performance of all current polymer semiconductor devices, such as thin film transistors, photovoltaic cells, light-emitting transistors, light-emitting diodes, and photodetectors, is limited primarily by the charge carrier mobilities of current materials. A fundamental challenge to improving the performance of all these devices and moving them towards practical systems applications is thus to achieve higher charge carrier mobilities. Furthermore, investigation of n-type and ambipolar polymer semiconductors has lagged far behind p-type polymer semiconductors. In this project, fundamental insights into the structural factors that govern high-mobility electron and ambipolar charge transport in polymer semiconductors are sought. Novel organic solvent-soluble n-type polymer semiconductors will be synthesized and studied, including poly(anthrazoline)s, poly(pyrazinoquinoxalines)s, and ladder poly(pyrazinoquinoxaline)s whereas poly(bisindoloquinoline)s and other donor-acceptor copolymers will be explored as ambipolar semiconductors. The solid state morphology and molecular packing in thin films and nanowires of polymer semiconductors will be characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. Charge carrier mobilities of polymer semiconductor thin films and nanowires will be measured by using the field-effect transistor as a platform. The most promising materials will be explored in high-performance field-effect transistors, complementary inverters, and photovoltaic cells. Polymer semiconductors that combine air-stability with high electron mobility or ambipolar transport with high carrier mobilities will be useful for developing all-plastic complementary integrated circuits for logic and memory functions and for improving the efficiency of plastic solar cells. Indeed, the realization of ambipolar polymers with high carrier mobilities could revolutionize the design of organic solar cells, light-emitting transistors, and all organic electronic devices and systems. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:Electronic devices based on organic and polymer semiconductors, termed plastic electronics, are beginning to find many applications such as displays in cell phones, digital cameras, and car dashboards. Plastic electronics are also being tested for uses in applications ranging from flat-panel displays for computer and television screens, solid-state lighting, chemical- and bio-sensors, to low cost solar cells. This project will develop the basic knowledge for improving the performance of polymer semiconductors. Results from the project will lead to new materials and manufacturing technologies for plastic electronics and related applications in information technologies and renewable power sources. The project provides excellent opportunities for the training of scientists and engineers, including women and minorities, in the emerging interdisciplinary field of plastic electronics, which requires knowledge of chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering. The principal investigator?s laboratory has several research collaborations with scientists in Greece, South Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, and Japan in the general area of plastic electronics; it has hosted visits by senior scientists and students from some of these countries. This project will strengthen those international collaborations.