New Organometallic Radical-Cation Based Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Reactions and Materials

新型有机金属自由基-阳离子基均相和多相反应及材料

• 批准号: 0808909
• 负责人: William Geiger
• 金额: $ 52.45万
• 依托单位: University of Vermont & State Agricultural College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0808909&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Organometallic; Radical; Cation; Based

Abstract of NSF 0808909: University of Vermont, William Geiger (PI), supported by the Analytical and Surface Science Program of the National Science FoundationIntellectual Summary: Electrochemistry is one of the most versatile tools available to the practicing chemist. Two of the most important areas of applications are in analysis and catalysis. The first of these deals with the identification and quantification of molecules and is critically important to a wide range of needs addressing environmental, biological, and medical problems. The proposed work seeks to develop a new family of analytical 'sensors' based on the idea of labeling the analytical target with a 'marker' that can be turned on and off by the equivalent of an electrical switch. The new marker is derived from an easily prepared manganese complex which can be reversibly switched in an electrolyte medium previously developed at the University of Vermont (UVM). The other major area of inquiry is intended to develop lower-energy and greener ways to utilize simple olefins, which are oil-based organic building blocks, in the preparation of desirable organic compounds that will be of general use to synthetic chemists. A highly efficient electrochemical method will be developed and evaluated with the goal of replacing energy-wasting thermal and photochemical methods by an organometallic rhenium complex which is capable of electro-catalyzing the desired reactions. Broader Impact: In terms of the research results, a successful outcome to the proposed work is expected to broaden the impact of organometallic electrochemistry as a problem-solving method among chemists and biochemists. It is also important for chemists to ask how their efforts might contribute to the daunting task of increasing the efficiency of energy usage in this country and in our world. There are only four important general energy sources at our disposal: nuclear, heat, light, and electricity. Our goal has been, and continues to be, the training of electrochemists to develop advances in the last of these four areas. Graduate students trained in electrochemistry at UVM are employed in a variety of academic, industrial, and government research positions. Because it is important to expand these opportunities to underrepresented groups, this project will offer summer training projects to financially disadvantaged high school students through Project Seed (overseen by the American Chemical Society) and initiate a pilot project which offers a summer research opportunity at UVM to underrepresented undergraduate students from a city-based college having a large minority enrollment. Thanks to their experience in a research group composed of highly-motivated graduate students and postdocs, the high school and visiting undergraduate students will be more aware of their opportunities in pre- and post-graduate higher education, thereby increasing the probability that they will become scientific professionals.

国家科学基金0808909摘要：佛蒙特州大学威廉·盖格(PI)，国家科学基金会分析与表面科学计划资助：电化学是执业化学家可用的最通用工具之一。两个最重要的应用领域是分析和催化。其中第一个涉及分子的识别和量化，对于解决环境、生物和医学问题的广泛需求至关重要。这项拟议中的工作旨在开发一种新的分析性“传感器”家族，其基础是在分析目标上标记一个“标记”，这种标记可以通过相当于电子开关的开关来打开和关闭。新的标志物来自一种易于制备的锰络合物，它可以在佛蒙特州大学(UVM)先前开发的电解液介质中进行可逆切换。另一个主要的研究领域是开发更低能量和更环保的方法来利用简单的烯烃，这是基于石油的有机构件，用于制备合成化学家普遍使用的理想有机化合物。将开发和评价一种高效的电化学方法，其目标是用能够电催化所需反应的有机金属Re配合物来取代浪费能量的热和光化学方法。更广泛的影响：就研究结果而言，拟议工作的成功结果有望扩大有机金属电化学作为解决问题的方法在化学家和生物化学家中的影响。同样重要的是，化学家们要问，他们的努力如何有助于在这个国家和我们的世界提高能源使用效率这一艰巨的任务。我们可以支配的普通能源只有四种：核能、热能、光能和电能。我们的目标一直是，并将继续是培训电化学学家，以在这四个领域中的最后一个领域取得进展。在密歇根州立大学接受电化学培训的研究生受雇于各种学术、工业和政府研究职位。由于将这些机会扩大到代表不足的群体是很重要的，该项目将通过项目SEED(由美国化学学会监督)为经济困难的高中生提供暑期培训项目，并启动一个试点项目，为来自城市大学的代表不足的本科生提供暑期研究机会，这些本科生来自城市大学，招收了大量少数族裔学生。由于他们在由积极进取的研究生和博士后组成的研究小组中的经验，高中和来访的本科生将更多地意识到他们在研究生前和研究生教育中的机会，从而增加他们成为科学专业人员的可能性。