IMR: Acquisition and Development of an Ultrafast Thermal Conductance Apparatus for Materials Research and Student Training
IMR:用于材料研究和学生培训的超快热导装置的采购和开发
基本信息
- 批准号:0814381
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 19.6万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2008
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2008-09-01 至 2010-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
NSF is requested to fund the acquisition and development of an ultrafast thermal conductance apparatus, consisting of a high repetition rate femtosecond laser and a Raman spectrometer, that will be used to study the flow of heat through molecules at interfaces with picosecond time resolution and angstrom space resolution. The state of the art of measurements of this type involves placing a molecule or a layer of molecules on a metal surface or between two metal contacts to measure the heat flow. Such methods do not reveal the detailed mechanisms responsible for the heat flow. In our approach, molecules assembled on metal surface, or a metal surface with a very thin oxide coating, are subjected to a 1 ps temperature jump by a femtosecond laser pulse. As heat flows into the molecules from the metal surface, its arrival at different locations, as well as the instantaneous populations of the individual vibrations that carry the heat, will be probed with anti-Stokes Raman (ASR) spectroscopy. ASR probing is made possible despite the small Raman cross-section by the use of surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) substrates. The low laser damage threshold with ultrashort pulses for interfacial molecules on SERS substrates, and the need to produce a large T-jump, necessitates a femtosecond laser that has not been readily available until recently. The flash-heating ASR concept can be used to study a vast range of material architectures whose structures can be systematically varied on an atom-by-atom basis. This will create the knowledge base required to design molecules from first principles that exhibit enhanced or inhibited heat flow characteristics needed to effectively engineer molecular electronic devices and molecular nanomachinery. The operation of all mechanical and electrical devices involves the movement of heat, and the principles and engineering of heat conduction are understood very well. Scientists involved in nanotechnology seek to produce extremely tiny devices and electric circuits, some as small as a single molecule. However our understanding of heat flow does not presently extend to the tiny length and short time scales involved in the operation of such tiny devices. By understanding and controlling heat at the level of single molecules we can better engineer nanomachinery and we can develop new devices such as thermal diodes that let heat flow in one direction only. Funds provided by the National Science Foundation will be used to purchase and develop instrumentation to measure the flow of heat through molecules. A metal surface on which a layer of molecules has been placed will be suddenly heated by a laser pulse lasting only one ten-trillionth (10-13) of a second. As heat flows into the molecules from the hot metal, the molecules will be set into rapid motion. A second laser pulse will be used to probe this motion in detail using an effect called "anti-Stokes Raman scattering" where certain frequencies within the optical pulse are selectively amplified by the molecular motion. These signals are extremely weak and could not have been detected until recently. A combination of nanotechnology, which allows us to texture the metal surface so it enhances certain frequencies of light like a tuning fork, and advanced laser engineering makes these measurements possible. This measurement of the characteristic motions of the molecules will tell us at any instant where the heat is located and how fast it is moving. For the first time we will be able to watch the flow of heat through molecular devices and molecular wires in real time. Systematic studies on molecules of different sizes and shapes will create the knowledge base needed to design efficient and versatile molecular machinery.
请国家科学基金会资助购置和开发一台超快热导装置,该装置由一台高重复率飞秒激光器和一台拉曼光谱仪组成,将用于以皮秒时间分辨率和埃空间分辨率研究通过界面处分子的热流。 这种类型的测量的现有技术涉及将分子或分子层放置在金属表面上或两个金属触点之间以测量热流。 这些方法没有揭示负责热流的详细机制。 在我们的方法中,分子组装在金属表面,或金属表面与一个非常薄的氧化物涂层,受到1 ps的温度跳变的飞秒激光脉冲。 当热量从金属表面流入分子时,它到达不同的位置,以及携带热量的单个振动的瞬时种群,将用反斯托克斯拉曼(ASR)光谱进行探测。 通过使用表面增强拉曼(Sers)基底,尽管拉曼截面小,但ASR探测是可能的。 对于Sers基底上的界面分子,超短脉冲的低激光损伤阈值以及产生大的T跳变的需要需要飞秒激光,直到最近才容易获得。 闪速加热ASR概念可用于研究各种各样的材料结构,其结构可以在原子与原子的基础上系统地变化。 这将创建所需的知识基础,从第一原理设计分子,表现出增强或抑制的热流特性,需要有效地工程分子电子器件和分子纳米机械。 所有机械和电气设备的操作都涉及到热量的运动,并且对热传导的原理和工程非常了解。 从事纳米技术的科学家们试图制造出极其微小的器件和电路,有些甚至小到只有一个分子。 然而,我们对热流的理解目前还没有扩展到这种微小设备运行中所涉及的微小长度和短时间尺度。 通过在单分子水平上理解和控制热量,我们可以更好地设计纳米机械,我们可以开发新的设备,如热二极管,让热量只在一个方向上流动。 美国国家科学基金会提供的资金将用于购买和开发测量分子热流的仪器。 一个金属表面上放置了一层分子,会突然被持续时间只有十万亿分之一秒(10-13)的激光脉冲加热。 当热从热金属流入分子时,分子将开始快速运动。 第二个激光脉冲将用于探测这种运动的细节,使用一种称为“反斯托克斯拉曼散射”的效应,其中光学脉冲内的某些频率被分子运动选择性地放大。 这些信号非常微弱,直到最近才被发现。 纳米技术的结合,使我们能够纹理金属表面,使其增强某些频率的光像一个音叉,和先进的激光工程使这些测量成为可能。 这种对分子运动特征的测量将告诉我们在任何时刻热量的位置和速度。 我们将第一次能够真实的观察分子装置和分子导线中的热流。 对不同大小和形状的分子进行系统研究,将为设计高效和多功能的分子机械创造所需的知识基础。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Dana Dlott其他文献
Dana Dlott的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Dana Dlott', 18)}}的其他基金
Ultrafast Laser Spectroelectrochemistry
超快激光光谱电化学
- 批准号:
1405997 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Molecular Vibrational Energy with High Time and Space Resolution
高时间和空间分辨率的分子振动能
- 批准号:
0855259 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Ultrafast Vibrational Dynamics of Water and Water in Confinement
水和约束水的超快振动动力学
- 批准号:
0504038 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Ultrafast Mechanics of Molecular Liquids and Solids: Vibrational and Structural Relaxation
分子液体和固体的超快力学:振动和结构松弛
- 批准号:
0096466 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Vibrational Energy Transfer and Shock Waves in Molecular Materials
分子材料中的振动能量传递和冲击波
- 批准号:
9714843 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Ultrafast Dynamics of Polymer Laser Microchemistry and Energy Transfer
聚合物激光微化学和能量转移的超快动力学
- 批准号:
9404806 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Photothermal and Photochemical Dynamics of Molecular and Polymeric Solids Investigated by Ultrafast Spectroscopy
通过超快光谱研究分子和聚合物固体的光热和光化学动力学
- 批准号:
9104130 - 财政年份:1991
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Vibrational and Chemical Dynamics of Crystalline and Amorphous Solids
晶体和非晶固体的振动和化学动力学
- 批准号:
8721243 - 财政年份:1988
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Vibrational Dynamics and Solid State Reactions (Materials Research)
振动动力学和固态反应(材料研究)
- 批准号:
8415070 - 财政年份:1985
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Excited State Interactions in Molecular Crystal Photochemistry (Materials Research)
分子晶体光化学中的激发态相互作用(材料研究)
- 批准号:
8001630 - 财政年份:1980
- 资助金额:
$ 19.6万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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