The Role of Perceptual Organization in Dynamic Representational Updating

感知组织在动态表征更新中的作用

• 批准号: 0818536
• 负责人: Cathleen Moore
• 金额: $ 23.4万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0818536&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Perceptual; Organization; Dynamic; Representational

This project is concerned with how the human visual system is able to maintain an up-to-date representation of the world when the world and the position of the person in the world are constantly changing. Consider, for example, a driver on a busy street. As the car moves down the road, new objects come into view and other objects go out of view. At the same time, objects out it the world, such as pedestrians and other vehicles, are independently changing course. This example highlights how critical it is that visual information be dynamically updated. This project will test the hypothesis that the updating process is guided by the viewer's current interpretation of what objects are out in the world and where they are relative to each other. The implication is that the updating process is active and viewer dependent. Understanding the dynamic process of representational updating can facilitate the design of human-machine interfaces, roadways, and other artifacts by allowing designers to take into account the strengths and weaknesses of human visual processing. Knowing how the visual representations are updated can also guide educational programs for drivers, lifeguards, air traffic controllers, heavy machine operators, airport security screeners, and others who rely on careful scrutiny of a visual environment.

这个项目关注的是当世界和人在世界中的位置不断变化时，人类视觉系统如何能够保持对世界的最新表示。 例如，考虑一个司机在一条忙碌的街道上。 当汽车沿着道路行驶时，新的物体进入视野，其他物体则从视野中消失。 与此同时，世界之外的物体，例如行人和其他车辆，正在独立地改变路线。 这个例子强调了动态更新视觉信息的重要性。 这个项目将测试一个假设，即更新过程是由观众对世界上有什么物体以及它们之间的相对位置的当前解释来指导的。 这意味着更新过程是主动的，并且依赖于查看者。 理解表征更新的动态过程可以通过允许设计师考虑人类视觉处理的优点和缺点来促进人机界面、道路和其他工件的设计。 了解视觉表示是如何更新的，也可以指导驾驶员、救生员、空中交通管制员、重型机器操作员、机场安检员和其他依赖于仔细检查视觉环境的人的教育计划。