AOC: Social Dynamics in Response to Shifting Immigration Policy and Practice: Latino Social Networks, Resource Flow, and Household Reorganization

AOC：应对移民政策和实践转变的社会动态：拉丁裔社交网络、资源流动和家庭重组

• 批准号: 0827024
• 负责人: Jennifer Glick
• 金额: $ 74.72万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0827024&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AOC; Social; Dynamics; Response; Shifting

Immigration is a major area of concern shaping contemporary policy, practice and debate in the United States. As a large scale agent of change, shifts in policy and perceptions concerning immigrants ripple through social networks, affecting household arrangements and resources that impact not only individuals, but families and whole communities. These impacts are felt by immigrants, naturalized citizens and natives who share the same communities, households and families. Recent research suggests that social networks among the urban poor can be eroded by macro-level economic and political uncertainty and instability, but comparatively little is known about how this process unfolds. Clear scientific evidence demonstrating how people are affected by such policy shifts can provide evidence for developing immigration-related policy and practice with fewer negative unintended consequences. With backgrounds in sociology, anthropology, human biology, geography and demography, the project team examined Latino households with at least one Spanish-speaking adult in south Phoenix, Arizona. Households were recruited by partnering with Latino community educators who are well-established in the area. Field interviews were conducted by bilingual students at Arizona State University. Using a range of tools and methods, including social network analysis and mathematical modeling, researchers determined if and how the households reorganized in response to changing immigration policy and practice. The study examined the social networks that link household members to each other and larger networks, and model the implications of this for the resource flows to household members and ultimately for household resiliency and the well-being of family members. Agent-based models were then applied to examine the potential impact of future large-scale shifts in immigration perceptions and policies.By focusing on the mechanism of social networks?as the framework in which decisions concerning resource flows are made, played out, and constrained?the study empirically ties well-being of household members to social policy shifts outside the household in new and more explicit ways. The project?s unique approach to data construction makes it possible to clarify the potential for changes in immigration enforcement or employer sanction laws to impact individuals who may or may not be directly targeted by these policies. At the local level, the data, findings, and related outreach activities will contribute to the development of research capacities within the target community and raise public awareness. Research findings, such as determining which factors enhance household stability and how social networks can be leveraged to move limited resources where they are most needed, were shared with local stakeholders to support their goals of building healthy communities.

移民是影响美国当代政策、实践和辩论的一个主要关切领域。作为大规模变革的推动者，有关移民的政策和观念的转变通过社会网络产生涟漪，影响家庭安排和资源，不仅影响个人，而且影响家庭和整个社区。移民、归化公民和共享同一社区、家庭和家庭的原住民感受到了这些影响。最近的研究表明，城市穷人之间的社会网络可能会受到宏观经济和政治不确定性和不稳定的侵蚀，但人们对这一过程是如何展开的知之甚少。明确的科学证据表明，人们如何受到这种政策转变的影响，可以为制定与移民有关的政策和做法提供证据，减少负面的意外后果。该项目团队拥有社会学、人类学、人类生物学、地理学和人口学的背景，调查了亚利桑那州凤凰城南部至少有一名讲西班牙语的成年人的拉丁裔家庭。家庭是通过与在该地区很有名气的拉丁裔社区教育者合作招募的。亚利桑那州立大学的双语学生进行了实地访谈。研究人员使用了一系列工具和方法，包括社会网络分析和数学建模，确定了家庭是否以及如何重组，以应对不断变化的移民政策和做法。这项研究考察了将家庭成员彼此联系起来的社交网络和更大的网络，并对这对流向家庭成员的资源流动以及最终对家庭复原力和家庭成员福祉的影响进行了建模。然后，基于代理人的模型被用来检验未来移民观念和政策的大规模转变的潜在影响。通过关注社会网络的机制--作为做出、实施和约束有关资源流动的决策的框架--该研究以新的、更明确的方式将家庭成员的幸福感与家庭外的社会政策转变联系在一起。项目？S独特的数据构建方法使得澄清移民执法或雇主制裁法律变化的可能性成为可能，这些法律可能会影响那些可能或可能不直接成为这些政策目标的个人。在地方一级，数据、调查结果和相关的外联活动将有助于在目标社区内发展研究能力，并提高公众认识。与当地利益攸关方分享了研究成果，如确定哪些因素增强了家庭稳定，以及如何利用社会网络将有限的资源转移到最需要的地方，以支持他们建设健康社区的目标。