SGER: An Unusual Explosive Basaltic Eruption: Llaima 2008

这项探索性研究小额赠款（SGER）由国际科学与工程办公室与岩石学和地球化学项目共同支持，为收集智利南部利亚马火山最近爆发的紧急数据提供资金。这次玄武岩爆发开始于2008年1月1日，需要在南部冬季薄沉积物被破坏之前收集现场数据。研究人员都是来自物理火山学和地球化学领域的早期职业研究人员，他们都有在玄武岩系统工作的经验。该项目将把野外地质和监测数据与火山喷发产物的岩石学和地球化学分析相结合，以建立对喷发系统的理解，特别是对通常被动脱气的火山的管道过程的理解。这项工作构成了玄武岩系统动力学更广泛研究兴趣的一部分，并将成为即将入学的博士生博士论文的基础。亚利马火山的喷发阶段始于2008年1月1日，壮观的火焰喷泉持续了14个小时，并在2月和3月继续以较低的喷发速度从山顶火山口喷出熔岩流。这次喷发的有趣之处在于，它的喷发方式来自于两个横向喷口，这些喷口产生了频繁的小型爆炸，这些爆炸的羽流在许多情况下坍塌并形成了火山碎屑流。这次喷发为研究人员正在进行的以邻近的比利亚里卡火山和意大利的斯特龙博利火山为基础的被动脱气玄武岩系统的研究工作提供了一个机会。特别是，计划研究这些通常静止的系统向喷发周期的转变，并进一步探索明显复杂的管道系统的性质。

This Small Grant for Exploratory Research (SGER) is supported by the Office of International Science and Engineering in conjunction with the Petrology and Geochemistry program to provide funds for collecting urgent data on a recent explosive eruption of Llaima Volcano in Southern Chile. This explosive basaltic eruption began on 1 Jan 2008 and the field data needs to be collected before the thin deposits are destroyed in the austral winter. The investigators are early career researchers from the fields of physical volcanology and geochemistry who both have experience working in basaltic systems. The project will involve combining field geology and monitoring data with petrological and geochemical analysis of the eruptive products to build an understanding of the eruption system and in particular conduit processes at usually passively degassing volcanoes. This work forms part of a broader research interest in the dynamics of basaltic systems and will form the basis of a PhD thesis for an incoming PhD student. This eruptive phase of the Llaima volcano began on 1 Jan 2008, with a spectacular fire fountain display lasting 14 hours and continued at lower effusion rates through February and March with the effusion of a lava flow from the summit crater. The intriguing aspect of this eruption is the style of activity emanating from two lateral, vents, which generated frequent small explosions, the plumes of which collapsed and formed pyroclastic flows on numerous occasions. This eruption provides a window of opportunity to test ongoing work by the investigators on passively degassing basaltic systems, based on the neighboring Villarrica volcano and Stromboli, in Italy. In particular, it is planned to investigate the transition of these normally quiescence systems into eruptive cycles, and furthermore probe the nature of the, clearly, complex plumbing system.