权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Sexual selection and sexual conflict as engines of evolutionary change: diversification and speciation

性选择和性冲突作为进化变化的引擎：多样化和物种形成

基本信息

批准号：
189925316
负责人：
Dr. Claudia Fricke
金额：
--
依托单位：
Professur für Tierökologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Independent Junior Research Groups
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2010-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/189925316?language=en
关键词：
Sexual selection sexual conflict engines

项目摘要

Speciation is the evolutionary process through which new species are formed and thus is of direct relevance for biodiversity. Speciation occurs when reproductive isolation evolves, i.e. the cessation of mating between groups. The primary aim of this project is to test whether sexual selection/ sexual conflict can fuel the evolution of isolation, which are both predicted to be important drivers of speciation. Sexual selection is the process by which males compete against each other for mates and by which females choose among males. Recent theory highlights sexual conflict, where the evolutionary interests of males and females differ, thus causing novel opportunities for selection, to lead to rapid evolutionary change in reproductive traits. This research program has two main goals: i) to test the key hypothesis that sexual selection and sexual conflict contribute to diversification of reproductive traits and ii) to investigate how diversification of reproductive traits relates to reproductive incompatibilities between groups. An experimental approach will be taken by manipulating the intensity of sexual selection and sexual conflict in 20 selection lines using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Following 30 generations of selection I expect to find lines with sexual selection to have diverged more strongly than lines where sexual selection and conflict were prevented in line with theoretical predictions. Novel genomic tools and behavioural mating experiments will be used to study diversification in sexual traits at the level of the gene and the whole organism. This work will highlight how and which genes will change in response to elevated sexual selection and conflict and link this insight to evolutionary changes of organisms. Hence, this work will advance our understanding of how the amazing biodiversity we can observe in nature has evolved.

物种形成是新物种形成的进化过程，因此与生物多样性直接相关。物种形成发生在生殖隔离进化时，即群体之间交配的停止。该项目的主要目的是测试性选择/性冲突是否可以推动孤立的进化，这两者都被预测为物种形成的重要驱动因素。性选择是雄性为配偶而相互竞争的过程，也是雌性在雄性中进行选择的过程。最近的理论强调性冲突，男性和女性的进化利益不同，从而导致新的选择机会，导致生殖特征的快速进化变化。该研究计划有两个主要目标：i）检验性选择和性冲突有助于生殖特征多样化的关键假设; ii）调查生殖特征的多样化与群体之间生殖不相容性的关系。将采取一种实验方法，通过操纵的强度，性选择和性冲突的20个选择线使用果蝇。经过30代的选择，我希望发现具有性选择的品系比那些与理论预测一致的性选择和冲突被阻止的品系分化得更强烈。新的基因组工具和行为交配实验将用于研究基因和整个生物体水平上的性特征多样化。这项工作将突出如何以及哪些基因将在应对性选择和冲突的过程中发生变化，并将这种见解与生物体的进化变化联系起来。因此，这项工作将促进我们对我们在自然界中观察到的惊人生物多样性是如何进化的理解。