Scaffolding Effective Practice for Use of Animations in Teaching Mineralogy and Physical Geology

42(地质学)正在开发六对计算机动画和可视化工具，用于物理地质学和矿物学的教学。每对动画的前半部分都适合在地球科学课堂上使用。教师展示这些动画，同时提供线索，帮助学生分析视觉信息。每对动画的后半部分包括适合于家庭作业或远程学习任务的在线互动网络练习。动画的风格和内容始终是一致的，因此惯例、符号和空间关系从一个动画传递到另一个动画，提高了学生学习的好处。这些动画放在一个专门用动画教学的有效实践脚手架的网站上，不仅包括动画本身，还包括关于使用动画的最佳实践的资源，关于地质学和矿物学教学中具体学习挑战的信息，以及评估动画使用的工具。这些动画正在由一小群当地用户进行初步测试，以进行形成性评估。经过修改后，改进的动画将被嵌入到一个丰富的网站中，该网站将为学生通过动画学习提供内容和背景之间的关系的例子。全国各地的一批用户自愿测试网站和动画，并在美国地质学会全国会议的一次聚会上提供反馈。其成果将有助于在基础地球科学课程教学中有效使用计算机动画的知识库。

42 (Geology)Six pairs of computer animations and visualization tools for use in teaching physical geology and mineralogy are being developed. The first half of each animation pair is suitable for use in geoscience classrooms. Instructors show these animations while providing cues to aid in students' analysis of the visual information. The second half of each animation pair consists of an on-line interactive web-based exercise suitable for homework or distance-based learning assignments. The style and content of the animations are consistent throughout so that conventions, symbols, and spatial relations carry over from one animation to the next, improving the benefits to student learning. The animations are hosted on a web site dedicated to scaffolding effective practice for teaching with animations, and include not only the animations themselves, but also resources on best practice for use of animations, information on specific learning challenges in teaching geology and mineralogy, and tools for evaluating the use of animations. The animations are being initially tested by a small group of local users for formative evaluation. After revisions, the improved animations will then be embedded in a rich web site that will provide examples of the relationships between content and context for student learning through animations. A cadre of users across the country has volunteered to test the web site and the animations and provide feedback at a gathering at the Geological Society of America National Meeting. The outcome will be a contribution to the knowledge base relating to effective use of computer animations in teaching fundamental geoscience curricula.