Role of Latent Virus Infection in Marine Phytoplankton

潜伏病毒感染在海洋浮游植物中的作用

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0851255
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2009-04-01 至 2013-03-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The great abundance of viruses infecting marine phytoplankton is now well known. Much effort has been focused on elucidating the biological significance of viral lysis (i.e. killing of the host cell), and its effects on wide ranging global processes, while another important aspect of viral infection, latency, has been largely ignored. This is despite evidence from the 1970s indicating phytoplankton carry latent infections. In latency, the virus is stably maintained within the host cell: its genome replicating along with that of the host, and being passed on to progeny cells. The crucial aspect of latency is that the virus can be reactivated (usually by an environmental trigger), killing the host and releasing new infective particles. Latency has implications in lateral gene transfer and hence evolution and may confer advantages to infected cells (e.g. resistance to other viruses). Latency could represent the most important role of viruses in regulating phytoplankton dynamics in the ocean. The most likely triggers for reactivation of latent viruses are increased temperature and / or UV irradiation, hence latency in marine phytoplankton is not only a crucial component of ocean ecosystems, but should be considered in climate change models. This project will test two hypotheses: 1) latent phytoplankton viruses are highly diverse, abundant and pervasive in marine systems; 2) increasing ocean temperature is a key trigger for virus induction. The project will address these hypotheses by screening phytoplankton (culture collection and field samples) for latent infections using PCR-based methods and electron microscopy. Some samples will be induced (using elevated temperature or UV irradiation to "switch on" the viruses) and the virus particles will be detected by flow cytometry. The PIs will then use a transformative approach of virus sorting, whole virus genome amplification and sequence analysis, to design diagnostic probes to assess latency in the environment. Broader Impacts of this study will derive mainly from interactions between the scientists directly involved in the research and students/general public. For example, results of research from this project will be discussed during an informal "Café Scientifique" program designed to share the latest scientific ideas with the general public. The PIs will teach K-12 students the structure of viruses and the principles of molecular probing using cardboard models during informal open days. The PIs will also incorporate a further "order of magnitude" (virus DNA) into the Keller-Bigelow Laboratory Orders Of Magnitude (BLOOM) program, designed to teach high school students, from throughout Maine, functionality in marine ecosystems. Outcomes from BLOOM include understanding methods of investigation and broadening and strengthening the students' interest in science. The PIs have links with local schools, having visited pre-K to 3 children to teach them about phytoplankton and viruses and hosted a high school work experience student in the laboratory, who helped to isolate and characterize viruses from a marine hatchery. The PIs will host undergraduate interns and will interact with postgraduate students through our collaborators during the course of this project. The key product of this research will be information on virus latency in marine phytoplankton, of which almost nothing is currently known. Phytoplankton and their viruses are vital components in the global carbon cycle. Findings from this project will further the understanding of these important viruses, their propagation and survival strategies. Genome sequence information of these viruses will encourage involvement from biotechnology companies who are actively seeking novel enzymes, compounds and processes in the marine environment. In addition, since some of the algal hosts studied in this project (zooxanthellae) are coral symbionts, the findings will also be relevant to coral biology, and in particular to the understanding of coral bleaching, which results from loss of zooxanthellae, and is thought to be associated with increased temperature. The fate of the World's coral reefs is of great interest and concern to the general public.
感染海洋浮游植物的大量病毒现已为人们所熟知。许多努力都集中在阐明病毒裂解(即杀死宿主细胞)的生物学意义及其对广泛的全球过程的影响,而病毒感染的另一个重要方面,潜伏期,在很大程度上被忽视了。尽管20世纪70年代的证据表明浮游植物携带潜在感染,但情况仍然如此。在潜伏期,病毒稳定地维持在宿主细胞内:其基因组与宿主基因组一起沿着复制,并传递给后代细胞。潜伏期的关键是病毒可以被重新激活(通常是由环境触发),杀死宿主并释放新的感染粒子。潜伏期在横向基因转移和进化中具有意义,并可能赋予受感染细胞优势(例如对其他病毒的抗性)。潜伏期可能代表了病毒在调节海洋浮游植物动态方面最重要的作用。潜伏病毒重新激活的最可能触发因素是温度升高和/或紫外线照射,因此海洋浮游植物的潜伏期不仅是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,而且应该在气候变化模型中加以考虑。该项目将测试两个假设:1)潜伏的浮游植物病毒在海洋系统中具有高度多样性,丰富性和普遍性; 2)海洋温度升高是病毒诱导的关键触发因素。该项目将通过使用基于聚合酶链反应的方法和电子显微镜筛查浮游植物(培养物收集和现场样本)的潜伏感染来解决这些假设。将对一些样品进行诱导(使用升高的温度或紫外线照射来“打开”病毒),并通过流式细胞术检测病毒颗粒。 然后,PI将使用病毒分选、全病毒基因组扩增和序列分析的变革性方法来设计诊断探针,以评估环境中的潜伏期。这项研究的更广泛影响将主要来自直接参与研究的科学家和学生/公众之间的互动。例如,该项目的研究成果将在一个非正式的“科学咖啡馆”方案中讨论,该方案旨在与公众分享最新的科学思想。PI将在非正式的开放日期间向K-12学生教授病毒的结构和使用纸板模型的分子探测原理。PI还将进一步将“数量级”(病毒DNA)纳入凯勒-毕格罗实验室数量级(BLOOM)计划,该计划旨在教授来自整个缅因州的高中生海洋生态系统的功能。布卢姆的成果包括理解调查方法,扩大和加强学生对科学的兴趣。PI与当地学校建立了联系,访问了学前班3名儿童,向他们传授浮游植物和病毒知识,并在实验室接待了一名高中工作经验学生,该学生帮助从海洋孵化场分离病毒并确定其特征。在这个项目的过程中,PI将接待本科实习生,并通过我们的合作者与研究生互动。这项研究的主要成果将是关于海洋浮游植物中病毒潜伏期的信息,目前对此几乎一无所知。浮游植物及其病毒是全球碳循环的重要组成部分。该项目的发现将进一步了解这些重要的病毒,它们的繁殖和生存策略。这些病毒的基因组序列信息将鼓励生物技术公司的参与,这些公司正在积极寻找海洋环境中的新酶、化合物和工艺。此外,由于本项目研究的一些藻类宿主(虫黄藻)是珊瑚共生体,研究结果也将与珊瑚生物学有关,特别是有助于了解珊瑚漂白现象,这种现象是虫黄藻消失造成的,据认为与温度升高有关。世界珊瑚礁的命运是公众极大的兴趣和关注。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
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专利数量(0)

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William Wilson其他文献

Developing a Flow Cytometric Signature of Carfilzomib Responsiveness in Myeloma
  • DOI:
    10.1182/blood-2022-169882
  • 发表时间:
    2022-11-15
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Ieuan Walker;Venetia D'arcy;Antonio Rodriguez Romera;Georgina Anderson;Anna Aubareda;James Roy;Garima Khandelwal;William Wilson;Evelyn Fitzsimons;Daria Galas-Filipowicz;Kane Foster;Rakesh Popat;Karthik Ramasamy;Matthew Streetly;Ceri Bygrave;Reuben Benjamin;Ruth M. de Tute;Marquita Camilleri;Selina J Chavda;Gavin Pang
  • 通讯作者:
    Gavin Pang
Ten Years of Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation in Australia and New Zealand
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.hlc.2022.07.008
  • 发表时间:
    2022-12-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Claire M. Lawley;David Tanous;Clare O’Donnell;Benjamin Anderson;Nicholas Aroney;Darren L. Walters;Stephen Shipton;William Wilson;David S. Celermajer;Philip Roberts
  • 通讯作者:
    Philip Roberts
Hedging strategy for ethanol processing with copula distributions
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.eneco.2016.04.011
  • 发表时间:
    2016-06-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Iddrisu Awudu;William Wilson;Bruce Dahl
  • 通讯作者:
    Bruce Dahl
P-061 Spinal involvement predicts for inferior overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS) and higher skeletal related events risk in multiple myeloma (MM) patients: a single center experience
  • DOI:
    10.1016/s2152-2650(23)01679-8
  • 发表时间:
    2023-09-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Nikolaos Kanellias;Agapi Parcharidou;Kate Xu;William Wilson;Rodothea Americanou;Adam Benton;Sean Molloy;Jan Herzog;Rikin Hargunani;Rakesh Popat;Jonathan Sive;Lydia Lee;Annabel McMillan;Xenofon Papanikolaou;Neil Rabin;Kwee Yong;Charalampia Kyriakou
  • 通讯作者:
    Charalampia Kyriakou
OUTCOMES FOLLOWING TRANSCATHETER PULMONARY VALVE REPLACEMENT: RESULTS FROM A QUATERNARY AUSTRALIAN CENTRE
  • DOI:
    10.1016/s0735-1097(24)03625-8
  • 发表时间:
    2024-04-02
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Malanka Lankaputhra;Melissa GY Lee;Anoop Ninan Koshy;Claire Purio;Leeanne Grigg;William Wilson
  • 通讯作者:
    William Wilson

William Wilson的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('William Wilson', 18)}}的其他基金

Open Access Block Award 2024 - Marine Biological Association
2024 年开放获取区块奖 - 海洋生物学协会
  • 批准号:
    EP/Z532538/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Open Access Block Award 2023 - Marine Biological Association
2023 年开放获取区块奖 - 海洋生物学协会
  • 批准号:
    EP/Y530116/1
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Quantum Noir: A conference series focused on Faculty, Researchers, and Students of Color(+) in the Quantum Sciences
量子黑色:关注量子科学领域有色人种的教师、研究人员和学生的系列会议
  • 批准号:
    2306216
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
MRI:Acquisition of Ocean Gliders for Marine Science Research Support at the University of the Virgin Islands
MRI:采购海洋滑翔机以支持维尔京群岛大学的海洋科学研究
  • 批准号:
    2216150
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Open Access Block Award 2022 - Marine Biological Association
2022 年开放获取块奖 - 海洋生物学协会
  • 批准号:
    EP/X527415/1
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Employment of Native Americans with Criminal Records
博士论文研究:有犯罪记录的美洲原住民的就业
  • 批准号:
    1802576
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Development and application of eDNA tools to assess the structure and function of coastal sea ecosystems (MARINe-DNA)
评估沿海海洋生态系统结构和功能的eDNA工具的开发和应用(MARINe-DNA)
  • 批准号:
    NE/N006100/1
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Native and Non-Native Group Interactions
博士论文研究:本土和非本土群体互动
  • 批准号:
    0927042
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Decoding Virus Leviathans
合作研究:解码病毒利维坦
  • 批准号:
    0949162
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Functional genomics of phosphate acquisition during virus infection of Emiliania huxleyi.
艾米利亚赫胥黎病毒感染期间磷酸盐获取的功能基因组学。
  • 批准号:
    0723730
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 54.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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项目 4 - 控制 Epstein-Barr 病毒中的潜伏至裂解转换
  • 批准号:
    10910338
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Investigating the role of long-term latent herpes simplex virus infection on APOE4-associated Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis
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    10740641
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Productive and latent HIV infection of microglia: virus and host wrestle for SUMOylation system control
小胶质细胞的生产性和潜伏性 HIV 感染:病毒和宿主为控制 SUMO 化系统而斗争
  • 批准号:
    10748561
  • 财政年份:
    2023
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Investigating the potential effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccination on modulation of the latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir
研究严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 信使核糖核酸 (mRNA) 疫苗接种对调节潜在人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 储存库的潜在影响
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The actual status and the construction of countermeasures for latent hepatitis B and C virus infection in dentistry: toward the control of hepatocarcinogenesis
口腔乙型、丙型肝炎病毒潜伏感染现状及对策构建:控制肝癌发生
  • 批准号:
    21K10263
  • 财政年份:
    2021
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The role of repressive nuclear bodies in latent herpes simplex virus infection
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Identification and diagnostic application of rabies virus latent infection site using high sensitivity bioimaging method
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    19K16001
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    418031
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    2019
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    $ 54.91万
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    Studentship Programs
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