Triboelectric charging in granular systems

颗粒系统中的摩擦起电

• 批准号: 0852772
• 负责人: Mohan Sankaran
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: Case Western Reserve University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0852772&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Triboelectric; charging; granular; systems

0852772SankaranThis project is focused on studying triboelectric charging in insulating granular systems of chemically identical materials. The proposed research will carry out experiments closely aligned with theory to resolve the nature of the charging that occurs in these systems and relate the charging to such effects as particle size distribution. Intellectual merit. The electrostatic charging that occurs when two surfaces rub ("triboelectric charging") is one of the most well known phenomena in physics. It is thus very surprising that there is no clear scientific explanation for this phenomenon. The triboelectric charging of granular systems of chemically identical particles is particularly perplexing. While in mixtures with different types of particles, net charge transfer from one type of particle to the other can be attributed to a difference in the material properties, there is no such difference in material properties when all particles have the same composition, and yet these systems are known to undergo substantial charging when the particles are insulators. Furthermore, when all particles are composed of the same material, experiments show that smaller particles charge negatively and larger particles charge positively. Why there is a particle size dependence of the polarity of particle charge, and why charging occurs at all when all particles are composed of the same material is poorly understood. The proposed research will elucidate the charging behavior and mechanism in these systems through two thrusts: 1) we will carry out experiments to quantitatively characterize the effect of particle size on the triboelectric charging of chemically identical granular materials, 2) we will carry out experiments specifically designed to test the hypothesis for the mechanism of triboelectric charging including non equilibrium dynamics in which collision-induced electron transfer generates electron accumulation. Our experimental methodology is uniquely capable of studying triboelectric charging in a controlled environment and solely from particle particle interactions, removing the effect of humidity and other contaminants (i.e. container or reactor wall). The results of the proposed work will aid in a fundamental understanding of the driving force and mechanism for charge transfer in chemically identical granular systems. Broader impacts. A particular emphasis of this project is a strong effort to mentor undergraduate student researchers, including women and members of underrepresented minority groups. The PIs have excellent records in this regard, with a large number of undergraduate students in their groups publishing papers in refereed journals and proceeding to Ph.D. programs in chemical engineering. The project can also benefit society by enhancing the understanding of triboelectric charging. Triboelectric charging occurs in a wide range of contexts, and can have implications on a range of issues including safety (e.g., dust explosions can by cause by triboelectrical charging).

0852772 Sankaran该项目的重点是研究化学性质相同的材料的绝缘颗粒系统中的摩擦带电。拟议的研究将进行与理论密切相关的实验，以解决这些系统中发生的充电的性质，并将充电与粒度分布等效应联系起来。智力上的优点。当两个表面摩擦时发生的静电充电（“摩擦带电”）是物理学中最着名的现象之一。令人惊讶的是，对这种现象没有明确的科学解释。由化学性质相同的颗粒组成的颗粒系统的摩擦带电特别令人困惑。虽然在具有不同类型的颗粒的混合物中，从一种类型的颗粒到另一种类型的颗粒的净电荷转移可以归因于材料性质的差异，但是当所有颗粒具有相同的组成时，材料性质没有这种差异，并且已知当颗粒是绝缘体时，这些系统经历大量充电。此外，当所有颗粒都由相同的材料组成时，实验表明较小的颗粒带负电荷，较大的颗粒带正电荷。为什么粒子电荷的极性与粒子大小有关，以及为什么当所有粒子都由相同的材料组成时会发生充电，人们对此知之甚少。拟议的研究将通过两个方面阐明这些系统中的充电行为和机制：1）我们将进行实验来定量表征粒径对化学相同颗粒材料摩擦带电的影响，2）我们将进行专门设计的实验，以检验摩擦带电机制的假设，包括非平衡动力学，其中碰撞-诱导电子转移产生电子积累。我们的实验方法是唯一能够在受控环境中研究摩擦带电的方法，并且仅从粒子粒子相互作用中进行研究，消除湿度和其他污染物（即容器或反应器壁）的影响。所提出的工作的结果将有助于在化学性质相同的颗粒系统中的电荷转移的驱动力和机制的基本理解。更广泛的影响。该项目的一个特别重点是大力指导本科生研究人员，包括妇女和代表性不足的少数群体成员。PI在这方面有着出色的记录，他们的团队中有大量的本科生在参考期刊上发表论文，并继续攻读博士学位。化学工程专业。该项目还可以通过增强对摩擦电充电的理解来造福社会。摩擦电充电发生在广泛的背景下，并且可能对一系列问题具有影响，包括安全性（例如，粉尘爆炸可由摩擦带电引起）。