Continued Core Atmospheric and Snow Measurements at the Summit, Greenland Environmental Observatory

该奖项是根据《2009年美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)资助的。该奖项支持在格陵兰岛环境观测站峰会上继续和扩大对北极大气、雪和其他地球系统组成部分的长期测量。最初的测量计划始于2003年，为北极观测网络(AON)和北极环境变化研究(SEARCH)做出了贡献。需要持续至少10年的全年测量，以观察和量化海洋和大气环流(例如北极涛动)中大范围、多年振荡的作用以及工业排放和土地利用的长期变化。还需要进行长期、广谱和高时间分辨率的测量，以确定中低纬度工业排放源与北极气候之间的运输路径和其他联系。由于运输路径随海拔高度变化很大，而顶峰是北极唯一的高海拔观测点，与当地排放源相隔很远，是全日空的一个重要节点。GEOSummit位于格陵兰冰盖海拔3100米处，是一个网络的一部分，该网络包括巴罗、阿拉斯加、加拿大阿尔特和Mt.齐柏林飞艇，斯瓦尔巴群岛。这些观测的“更广泛的影响”是多方面的，包括有可能改变对自然和人为气溶胶在气候强迫中的作用的理解，改进气候模型和对未来北极环境变化的预测，以及加强对冰芯记录的古环境变异性的解释。该方案还将包括教育和培训，重点是通过本科生和研究生以及博士后助理的参与，让代表人数不足的群体参与。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This award supports the continuation and expansion of long-term measurements of the Arctic atmosphere, snow, and other Earth system components at the Summit, Greenland, Environmental Observatory (GEOSummit). The original measurement program began in 2003 and contributes to the Arctic Observing Network (AON) and the Study of Environmental Arctic Change (SEARCH). Year-round measurements at least 10 years in duration are required to observe and quantify the roles of large-scale, multiyear oscillations in oceanic and atmospheric circulation (e.g., Arctic Oscillation) as well as long-term changes in industrial emissions and land use. Long-term, broad-spectrum, and high-time-resolution measurements also are required to determine transport pathways and other linkages between low- and mid-latitude industrial emission sources and Arctic climate. Because transport pathways vary strongly with altitude and Summit is the only high elevation observing site in the Arctic and well separated from local emission sources, it is an essential node in AON. Located at an elevation of 3,100 m on the Greenland ice sheet, GEOSummit is part of an network that includes sites at Barrow, Alaska, Alert, Canada, and Mt. Zeppelin, Svalbard. The "Broader Impacts" of these observations are numerous and include the potential to transform understanding of the role of natural and anthropogenic aerosols in climate forcing, improve climate models and the prediction of future Arctic environmental change, and enhance the interpretation of ice core records of palaeo-environmental variability. The program also will include education and training, with an emphasis on the participation of under-represented groups, through the involvement of undergraduate and graduate students, and a postdoctoral associate.