Continued Core Atmospheric and Snow Measurements at the Summit, Greenland Environmental Observatory

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。该合同支持继续和扩大在格陵兰环境观测站（GEOSummit）对北极大气、雪和其他地球系统组件的长期测量。最初的测量计划始于2003年，为北极观测网（AON）和北极环境变化研究（SEARCH）做出了贡献。要观测和量化海洋和大气环流中的大尺度多年振荡（如北极振荡）以及工业排放和土地利用的长期变化的作用，需要至少持续10年的全年测量。还需要长期、广谱和高时间分辨率的测量来确定低纬度和中纬度工业排放源与北极气候之间的运输途径和其他联系。由于输送路径随海拔高度变化很大，Summit是北极地区唯一的高海拔观测点，与当地排放源分离良好，因此是AON的重要节点。GEOSummit位于海拔3100米的格陵兰冰盖上，是一个网络的一部分，该网络还包括阿拉斯加巴罗、加拿大阿勒特和斯瓦尔巴群岛的齐柏林山。这些观测的“更广泛的影响”有很多，包括有可能改变对自然和人为气溶胶在气候强迫中的作用的认识，改进气候模式和对未来北极环境变化的预测，并加强对古环境变率的冰芯记录的解释。该项目还将包括教育和培训，重点是通过本科生、研究生和博士后助理的参与，让代表性不足的群体参与进来。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This award supports the continuation and expansion of long-term measurements of the Arctic atmosphere, snow, and other Earth system components at the Summit, Greenland, Environmental Observatory (GEOSummit). The original measurement program began in 2003 and contributes to the Arctic Observing Network (AON) and the Study of Environmental Arctic Change (SEARCH). Year-round measurements at least 10 years in duration are required to observe and quantify the roles of large-scale, multiyear oscillations in oceanic and atmospheric circulation (e.g., Arctic Oscillation) as well as long-term changes in industrial emissions and land use. Long-term, broad-spectrum, and high-time-resolution measurements also are required to determine transport pathways and other linkages between low- and mid-latitude industrial emission sources and Arctic climate. Because transport pathways vary strongly with altitude and Summit is the only high elevation observing site in the Arctic and well separated from local emission sources, it is an essential node in AON. Located at an elevation of 3,100 m on the Greenland ice sheet, GEOSummit is part of an network that includes sites at Barrow, Alaska, Alert, Canada, and Mt. Zeppelin, Svalbard. The "Broader Impacts" of these observations are numerous and include the potential to transform understanding of the role of natural and anthropogenic aerosols in climate forcing, improve climate models and the prediction of future Arctic environmental change, and enhance the interpretation of ice core records of palaeo-environmental variability. The program also will include education and training, with an emphasis on the participation of under-represented groups, through the involvement of undergraduate and graduate students, and a postdoctoral associate.