Engineering Bio-based Composites for In-Service and Out-of-Service Performance

工程生物基复合材料可提高在役和退役性能

• 批准号: 0900325
• 负责人: Sarah Billington
• 金额: $ 31.62万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0900325&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Engineering; Bio; based; Composites; Service

Design methods for natural fiber-reinforced biopolymer composites will be developed to produce fully recyclable construction materials. The polymers used in the composites are produced by bacteria and referred to as PHBs. When placed in an anaerobic landfill after their useful service life, the composites will degrade to methane. The methane may be captured and sold as a fuel or be used as a feedstock for bacteria to produce more PHB polymer for new composites. The objective of this research is to engineer the PHB-natural fiber composites to be durable construction materials in-service yet also rapidly and thoroughly biodegrade anaerobically when no longer needed ("out-of-service"). Novel PHB-based fiber treatments will be developed and evaluated in terms of polymer, fiber and single-ply composite properties. Results will be used to design and evaluate multi-ply composite performance for construction applications. A feed-forward and feed-back communication process between the chemical, structural and environmental engineering researchers will be followed. The societal benefits of this research include: (1) a construction material that is fully recyclable and producible globally; (2) strong incentives for methane capture from landfills to provide a biofuel source and/or feedstock for biopolymers; and (3) improved safety for the built and natural environment by reducing ?fugitive? methane emissions from landfills, and reducing the transport of toxic substances worldwide and harm to marine species that is common with petroleum-based polymeric materials. An exhibit on bio-based construction materials and hands-on activities for science classes will be developed in collaboration with a local children's museum.

将开发天然纤维增强生物聚合物复合材料的设计方法，以生产完全可回收的建筑材料。 复合材料中使用的聚合物是由细菌产生的，称为PHB。 当使用寿命结束后放入厌氧垃圾填埋场时，复合材料将降解为甲烷。 甲烷可以被捕获并作为燃料出售，或者用作细菌的原料，以产生更多的用于新复合材料的PHB聚合物。 这项研究的目的是将聚羟基丁酸-天然纤维复合材料设计成耐用的建筑材料，在不再需要时（“停用”）也能快速彻底地厌氧生物降解。 新型的聚羟基丁酸基纤维处理将开发和评估方面的聚合物，纤维和单层复合材料的性能。 结果将用于设计和评估多层复合材料的性能，建筑应用。 将遵循化学，结构和环境工程研究人员之间的前馈和反馈通信过程。 这项研究的社会效益包括：（1）建筑材料，是完全可回收和生产全球;（2）从垃圾填埋场的甲烷捕获提供生物燃料来源和/或原料的生物聚合物的强有力的激励措施;和（3）提高建筑和自然环境的安全性，减少？逃犯？减少垃圾填埋场的甲烷排放，减少有毒物质在世界范围内的运输，以及减少石油基聚合材料常见的对海洋物种的伤害。 将与当地儿童博物馆合作，为科学课举办一个生物基建筑材料展览和动手活动。