Computational Engineering of Bio-inspired Hierarchical Surfaces and Multi-functional Materials based on the Plywood Architecture

基于胶合板结构的仿生分层表面和多功能材料的计算工程

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-03910
• 负责人: Rey, Alejandro
• 金额: $ 3.35万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=737242
• 关键词: Computational; Engineering; Bio; inspired; Hierarchical

Through the course of evolution, Nature  has  optimized the structure and functionalities of bulk materials and surfaces. Functional hierarchical surfaces were developed with optimized wettability (lotus leaf), drag reduction (sharkskin), and structural colors (tulips). Hierarchical structures (bone, insect's exocuticle, tusk) were developed to form light weight structures with outstanding unrivaled mechanical properties. Nature's materials engineering relies on few chemical elements  to produce functional, adaptive, responsive, self-healing and structural materials , formed in water environments, at low temperature and ambient pressure, using processing methods based on self-assembly and self-organization.   To meet the challenges in energy, environment, transportation, and health sectors  through materials innovations, the bio-inspired materials innovation method learns from Nature how to produce materials and surfaces with unrivaled functionalities. A second innovation driver is integrated computational materials engineering, relying on science-based theory, rigorous process modeling,  and high performance computing trough access to Compute Canada resources. This research integrates these two innovation drivers focusing on the ubiquitous plywood fiber architecture found through Nature's unrivaled composites. Using liquid crystal models exhibiting plywood organization we seek to predict and characterize hierarchical surfaces that have structural color and drag reduction functionalities. Processes that lead to cornea-like tissues and helical plywoods found in bone, will be predicted and optimized for mechanical functionalities. The novelty of this proposal  is the formulation, implementation and validation of a materials' design method that remains close to Nature's engineering by using as a starting point similar soft matter precursors and novel self-assembly mechanisms.  The precursors are based on cellulose and proteins and the self-assembly takes into account important processes such as mass transfer, excluded volume, elasticity  and chirality, as found in Nature.  The outcome is an integrated materials fabrication method , systematically linking process-structure-functionalities permitting accelerated optimization of optical,tribological, and mechanical functionalities derived from the  plywood architecture found throughout Nature's fibrous composites. Cutting-edge soft matter materials science applied to real green engineering manufacturing has direct, timely relevance for Canada's vast resources and wide interests in various soft matter material precursors (i.e. cellulosics, chitin), being developed in government/academia/industry research laboratories. The unique synergies of fundamental science, engineering technology, high performance computing ,  interdisciplinary approaches and international collaborations enable students to develop highly-valued skills in the science and technology of advanced structural and multi functional materials and biological materials.

通过进化过程，大自然优化了散装材料和表面的结构和功能。功能分层表面的开发具有优化的润湿性（荷叶）、减阻（鲨鱼皮）和结构颜色（郁金香）。分层结构（骨骼、昆虫外表皮、象牙）被开发出来，形成具有无与伦比的机械性能的轻质结构。大自然的材料工程依靠少量化学元素来生产功能性、适应性、响应性、自修复和结构材料，这些材料在水环境、低温和环境压力下形成，采用基于自组装和自组织的加工方法。   为了通过材料创新应对能源、环境、交通和健康领域的挑战，仿生材料创新方法向大自然学习如何生产具有无与伦比功能的材料和表面。第二个创新驱动力是集成计算材料工程，依靠基于科学的理论、严格的过程建模以及通过访问加拿大计算资源获得的高性能计算。这项研究整合了这两个创新驱动因素，重点关注通过大自然无与伦比的复合材料发现的无处不在的胶合板纤维结构。使用展示胶合板组织的液晶模型，我们试图预测和表征具有结构颜色和减阻功能的分层表面。将预测并优化在骨骼中形成类似角膜组织和螺旋胶合板的过程，并优化其机械功能。该提案的新颖之处在于通过使用类似的软物质前体和新颖的自组装机制作为起点，制定、实施和验证了一种材料设计方法，该方法与自然工程保持接近。  这些前体基于纤维素和蛋白质，自组装考虑了重要的过程，如在《自然》中发现的传质、排除体积、弹性和手性。  其成果是一种集成的材料制造方法，系统地将工艺-结构-功能联系起来，从而可以加速优化源自自然界纤维复合材料中的胶合板结构的光学、摩擦学和机械功能。应用于真正绿色工程制造的尖端软物质材料科学与加拿大丰富的资源以及政府/学术界/工业研究实验室正在开发的各种软物质材料前体（即纤维素、甲壳素）的广泛兴趣具有直接、及时的相关性。基础科学、工程技术、高性能计算、跨学科方法和国际合作的独特协同作用使学生能够培养先进结构和多功能材料以及生物材料科学技术方面的高价值技能。