Collaborative Research: Reconstructing millennial-scale trends and variability in western Pacific convection and hydrology from large lakes on Sulawesi, central Indonesia

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。该基金通过恢复和分析苏拉威西岛两个大湖的新沉积物岩心，支持对印度尼西亚晚更新世和全新世对流和水文变化的研究。这项研究建立在对这些湖泊的地震反射调查的基础上，这些调查记录了以适合古气候研究的速率积累的厚沉积物堆，以及对现有短岩心的地球化学和同位素分析，这些分析表明，在过去大约400年里，区域对流和水文发生了实质性变化。该小组将从这些湖泊中恢复新的沉积物岩心，并进行多代理分析，以重建晚更新世和全新世的对流和水文变化。这项工作将为印度尼西亚对流和水文的历史、ITCZ的变化以及晚更新世和全新世热带太平洋纬向梯度的长期变化提供重要的新见解。学术价值：主要研究两个方面：1)ITCZ和ENSO等耦合气候系统在过去气候变化中的区域响应；2)过去气候突变的区域影响。印度尼西亚降雨和水文的年际变化与ENSO的变化有关。了解ENSO等自然变率模式的长期变化在气候突变中的作用是一个关键问题，但现有记录在西太平洋水文对气候突变的响应方面存在很大分歧。这些湖泊的气候记录将为评估热带西太平洋对流和水文的百年至千年尺度的趋势和变率，以及热带太平洋平均状态、区域季风和ITCZ在过去气候变化期间的强度和位置之间的相互作用提供重要的数据。更广泛的影响：拟议的研究活动将提供一个人口密集、快速发展地区的气候变率的新记录，在这个地区，粮食生产与enso驱动的降雨变率有定量联系。Matano湖和Towuti湖被认为是大陆钻探的重要地点，可以从热带太平洋获得长期的古环境记录，我们的野外工作将为科学界提供新的沉积物岩心和地震反射数据，这些数据来自这些具有科学价值但研究不足的大湖。拟议的研究将促进跨学科的培训和学习，通过本科生和研究生的参与，努力扩大我们对一个重要地区气候变化的基础知识。该项目还将通过加强ppi、印度尼西亚、加拿大科学家和机构以及工业界之间的智力和研究合作，以及通过支持布朗大学和明尼苏达大学的基础设施，加强研究和教育的基础设施。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This grant supports research on late Pleistocene and Holocene convective and hydrologic variability in Indonesia through the recovery and analysis of new sediment cores from two large lakes on the island of Sulawesi. This research builds upon seismic reflection surveys of these lakes that document thick piles of sediment accumulating at rates ideal for paleoclimate studies, and upon geochemical and isotopic analyses of existing short cores that indicate substantial changes in regional convection and hydrology during the past ca. 400 years. This group will recover new sediment cores from these lakes, and conduct multiproxy analyses to reconstruct convective and hydrologic variability during the late Pleistocene and Holocene. This work will provide fundamentally important new insights into the history of Indonesian convection and hydrology, changes in the ITCZ, and long-term changes in tropical Pacific zonal gradients in during the late Pleistocene and Holocene.Intellectual Merits: The research is in two key areas: 1) The regional responses of coupled climate systems such as the ITCZ and ENSO during past climate changes, and 2) The regional impact of past abrupt changes in climate. Interannual variability in Indonesian rainfall and hydrology are linked to variations in ENSO. Understanding the role of long-term changes in natural modes of variability such as ENSO in abrupt climate change is a critical question, yet existing records disagree substantially on the response of western Pacific hydrology to abrupt climate changes. Records of climate from these lakes will provide fundamentally important data to evaluate centennial- to millennial-scale trends and variability in tropical western Pacific convection and hydrology, and interactions between the mean state of the tropical Pacific, the regional monsoons, and the strength and position of the ITCZ during past climate changes.Broader Impacts: The proposed research activities will provide a new record of climate variability from a densely inhabited, rapidly developing region where food production has been quantitatively linked to ENSO-driven rainfall variability. Lakes Matano and Towuti have been proposed as important sites for continental drilling to obtain long paleoenvironmental records from the tropical Pacific, and our fieldwork will provide new sediment cores and seismic reflection data to the scientific community from these scientifically valuable but understudied great lakes. The proposed research will promote interdisciplinary training and learning through involvement of undergraduate and graduate students in an effort to expand our fundamental knowledge of climate variability in an important region. The project will also enhance infrastructure for research and education by strengthening intellectual and research collaborations between the PIs, Indonesian, Canadian scientists and institutions, and industry, and through support of infrastructure at Brown University and the University of Minnesota.