EarthCube Data Capabilities: Collaborative Proposal: Reducing Time-To-Science in the Earth Sciences: Annotations to foster convergence, inclusion, and credit

联邦政府资助的研究的长期可持续性取决于数据的发现、可获得性和再利用。然而，数据和研究产品往往存储在不同的位置。这给查找和集成相关数据带来了挑战。该项目有助于为地球科学和自然历史数据发现相关但分散的研究产品。研究将有办法链接数据资源，增加背景，或提供关于数据、软件和出版物的额外信息。研究人员使用该系统创建使用唯一标识符链接到资源的注释。随着时间的推移，这些链接连接在一起，形成一个数据资源网络。该项目将支持开发基础数据库、访问和发现的用户界面以及一些文件编制工具和讲习班，以帮助支持吞吐量数据库的持续发展和可持续性。该项目的更广泛影响包括早期职业研究人员的参与以及更好地分享地球科学中的数据和其他研究产品。提高数据、元数据和服务的可发现性是地球科学的共同需要。在地球科学研究中，增加“科学时间”的一个障碍是难以将各个子领域的个人观测、概念、数据模型和统计技术整合在一起。吞吐量注释引擎(TAE)通过提供多个入口点来访问、注释数据和与数据交互，并将代码、数据、出版物或其他元素彼此链接，从而为管理跨学科工作流这一挑战提供了解决方案。TAE将支持将采用作为系统系统的一部分，将外部用户链接到数据存储库，并在决定如何管理新信息方面为数据管理员提供一定程度的灵活性：是将注释中的信息合并到其数据模型中，还是使用Throughput API访问和报告注释。吞吐量通过提供一种机制来跟踪一系列出版物和在线资源的使用和执行情况，从而提高数据、软件和文件的信誉，并将根据FORCE11的建议提供一套新的引用工具。TAE中的链接注释支持在标准出版指标之外为研究基础设施生成指标。Cookbook将允许个人和社区识别方案工作流，并将其链接到社区数据资源。Cookbook将为研究人员提供访问社区最佳实践的途径，并通过利用ORCID用户凭据，向参与文档和工作流程开发的个人提供访问权限。吞吐量提供了以用户为中心的解决方案，以加深和强化科学家、数据、软件服务、期刊和资助者组成的新兴关联数据生态系统中的许多节点之间的连接。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The long term sustainability of federally funded research depends on the discovery, accessibility and reuse of data. However, data and research products are often stored in different locations. This makes it challenging to find and integrate related data. This project helps support the discovery of related but distributed research products for Earth science and natural history data. Researches will have a way to link data resources, add context, or provide additional information about data, software and publications. Researchers use this system to create annotations that link resources using unique identifiers. Over time, these links connect to create a network of data resources. This project will support the development of the underlying database, a user interface for access and discovery, and a number of documentation tools and workshops to help support the ongoing development and sustainability of the Throughput database.The broader impacts of this project include the engagement of early career researchers and the better sharing of data and other research products in the Earth sciences.Improved discoverability of data, metadata and services is a need shared across the geosciences. A barrier that increases "time-to-science" in Earth Science research is the difficulty of integrating individual observations, concepts, data models, and statistical techniques across subfields. The Throughput Annotation Engine (TAE) offers a solution to the challenge of managing interdisciplinary workflows by providing multiple points of entry to access, annotate and interact with data, and to link code, data, publications, or other elements to one another. The TAE will support adoption as part of a system of systems, linking outside users to data repositories, and providing data stewards a degree of flexibility in deciding how to manage new information: whether to incorporate information in annotations into their data models, or to access and report annotations using the Throughput API. Throughput improves credit for data, software and documentation by providing a mechanism to track use and implementation across a range of publications and online resources, and will provide a new set of citation tools based on FORCE11 recommendations. Linked annotations in the TAE support the generation of metrics for research infrastructure beyond standard publication metrics. The Cookbook will allow individuals and communities to identify programmatic workflows, and link them to community data resources. The Cookbook will provide researchers with access to community best-practices, and, by leveraging ORCID user credentials, to individuals engaged in the development of documentation and workflows. Throughput offers a user-centered solution to deepening and densifying connections among the many nodes in the emerging linked data ecosystem of scientists, data, software services, journals, and funders.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.