RUI: Supernova Ejecta, Shocks, and the Interstellar Medium

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)提供资金的。根据这一奖项，米德尔伯里学院的P·弗兰克·温克勒博士将开展一项研究计划，主要主题是加深我们对超新星如何爆炸、其巨大的能量释放如何影响其所在星系，以及它们如何对宇宙的化学演化做出贡献的理解。对于核心塌缩的超新星，模型和观测都表明爆炸不是球对称的。对年轻的银河系残骸Puppis A和G292.0+1.8的自行和多普勒速度的新测量将为幸存的喷出碎片的不对称性提供三维模型。此外，从光谱中推断出的化学丰度可以将当前的细丝与它们在前体恒星的特定核心层中的起源联系在一起。年轻的Ia型超新星遗迹，包括Tycho(SN1572)和RCW86(SN185)的膨胀将通过描绘它们外壳的巴尔默细丝的自行运动来测量。然后，这些将与冲击波速度的光谱测定相结合，首次获得可靠的距离。麦哲伦星云发射线巡天计划(MCELS)通过Cerro Tololo美洲天文台的0.6米施密特望远镜观测了大小麦哲伦星云，它们都是我们最近的星系。该项目初期的一个重要目标将是出版基于MCELS的行星星云和超新星残留物(SNR)目录，包括第一次全面的通量测量。所有的MCELS图像数据将很容易在网上获得。最后一个遗留项目将是根据氢、氧和硫线的CCD图像编制银河系SNR发射线地图集，这是在大多数情况下发布的第一批此类图像。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Under this award, Dr. P. Frank Winkler (Middlebury College) will carry out a program of research with the overarching theme of increasing our understanding of how supernovae explode, how their prodigious energy release affects their host galaxies, and how they contribute to the chemical evolution of the Universe. For core-collapse supernovae, both models and observations indicate that the explosions are not spherically symmetric. New measurements of proper motions and Doppler velocities in the young Galactic remnants Puppis A and G292.0+1.8 will provide three-dimensional models for asymmetries in the surviving ejecta fragments. Furthermore, chemical abundances inferred from spectra can tie present filaments to their origin in specific core layers of the progenitor stars. The expansion of young Type Ia supernova remnants, including Tycho (SN 1572) and RCW86 (SN 185), will be measured through proper motions of Balmer filaments that delineate their shells. These will then be combined with spectroscopic determination of the shock velocity to obtain reliable distances for the first time. The Magellanic Cloud Emission-Line Survey (MCELS) surveyed both the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, our nearest neighbor galaxies, from the 0.6-meter Schmidt telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. An important goal early in the project will be to bring to publication MCELS-based catalogs of planetary nebulae and supernovae remnants (SNRs), including the first comprehensive flux measurements. All the MCELS image data will be made easily available on-line. A final legacy project will be compilation of an Emission-Line Atlas of Galactic SNRs, based on CCD images in lines of hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, the first such images to be published in most cases.