DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Genomic and phenotypic evolution in synthetic and natural allotetraploid Mimulus

论文研究：合成和天然异源四倍体含酸浆的基因组和表型进化

• 批准号: 0910296
• 负责人: John Willis
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-01 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0910296&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Genomic; phenotypic; evolution

Whole genome duplication, also known as polyploidy, has occurred many times during the evolution of a wide variety of organisms, including most valuable crops, and may be a critical mechanism for the evolutionary origin of novel traits. The genetic mechanisms and evolutionary forces that govern the fate of newly duplicated genes, and how these forces lead to broad-scale genomic changes are unknown. This study will utilize ultra high-throughput DNA sequencing technology to test specific hypotheses regarding evolution in polyploids in the emerging model wildflower genus Mimulus. The genomic and phenotypic evolution that has taken place in naturally-occurring polyploids will be compared to experimentally-generated synthetic polyploids. This study will provide novel insight into the effects of polyploidy on ecologically-important traits, including traits affecting the survival and reproduction of organisms in relation to their environment. Because many crops are of polyploid origin, a thorough understanding of the immediate and long-term effects of polyploidy may provide promising avenues for crop improvement. The proposed research also will provide many novel avenues for talented undergraduate and high school students to conduct independent, but related research projects in ecology, evolution, genomics, and bioinformatics.

在各种各样的生物（包括最有价值的农作物）的演变中，整个基因组重复（也称为多倍体）发生了很多次，并且可能是新型特征进化起源的关键机制。 控制新复制基因的命运以及这些力如何导致广泛的基因组变化的遗传机制和进化力是未知的。 这项研究将利用超高通量DNA测序技术来检验有关新兴模型野花属Mimulus中多倍体进化的特定假设。 将在自然出现的多倍体中发生的基因组和表型进化与实验生成的合成多倍体相比。 这项研究将提供有关多倍体对生态重要特征的影响的新洞察力，包括影响生物与环境相关的生物生存和繁殖的特征。由于许多农作物是多倍体起源的，因此对多倍体的直接和长期影响的透彻理解可能为作物改善提供了有希望的途径。拟议的研究还将为才华横溢的本科生和高中生提供许多新颖的途径，以开展独立但相关的生态学，进化，基因组学和生物信息学研究项目。