Collaborative Research: Hybrid Seed Inviability and the Evolution of Endosperm Development in Mimulus

合作研究:杂交种子的不存活性和酸浆菌胚乳发育的进化

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1558113
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2016-05-01 至 2019-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The seed of flowering plants contains two very important structures: the embryo that will become a seedling and eventually grow into the mature plant, and the endosperm, a tissue that provides nutrients to the embryo as it grows. If you have eaten rice, you have eaten endosperm, the starchy portion that fills the majority of the rice grain. Since the emergence of agriculture, humans have selected and bred seeds with a larger and starchier endosperm portion, ultimately creating the crop varieties we now depend upon. Endosperm, either directly or indirectly through animal feed, now provides an estimated 67% of the calories consumed by humans worldwide, and improving on these varieties remains of fundamental importance. Thus, from both an agricultural and food security perspective the development of the endosperm is critical to humankind's survival. This research will investigate the genes that control endosperm development and the molecular and evolutionary interactions between the endosperm and the embryo in the monkey flower (genus Mimulus). Although not eaten by humans, due to its ecological and evolutionary history, Mimulus provides a unique opportunity to study evolutionary and molecular aspects of the interactions between endosperm and embryo. As these interactions regulate the growth of the endosperm and thus the size of the nutritious portion of the seed in agricultural varieties, the results of this research in Mimulus are expected to engender a molecular understanding of a developmental process critical to human agricultural productivity. This research will inspire new high school biology teaching modules in genetics, evolution, and plant developmental biology that highlight the importance of the endosperm to humankind's diet, as well as the roles of pollinators and reproductive barriers in generating the diversity of life through the evolutionary process.Recent evidence links the evolutionary theory of parent-offspring conflict over maternal resources to the evolution of epigenetically imprinted genes controlling normal seed endosperm development. In interploidy hybrids, dosage-sensitivity of paternal and maternal allelic expression in developing endosperm is critical to normal development, and disruption leads to seed abortion. As yet it remains unknown whether such conflict over embryo provisioning leads to evolutionary divergence of imprinted genes or their targets, and ultimately hybrid seed lethality, in diploid species. The investigators propose to test this possibility by determining the genetic basis and evolutionary mechanisms underlying species divergence in endosperm development and leading to hybrid seed abortion, a principal isolating barrier in the Mimulus guttatus sp. complex. This research integrates genomic, molecular genetic and developmental biology approaches, utilizing high-throughput genome mapping, RNA sequencing technologies, and transgenic techniques to elucidate the genetic mechanisms contributing to seed abortion in M. guttatus x M. nudatus crosses. In so doing, it examines questions of fundamental interest to evolutionary biologists (how are new species formed?), and to developmental biologists (how is endosperm growth regulated?) while addressing a question of interest to both: what molecular changes might rapidly evolve when the mother's need to regulate growth and development differs from that of her offspring? Answering these questions will shed light on the developmental processes regulating endosperm growth and the evolutionary mechanisms driving divergence in flowering plants.
开花植物的种子包含两个非常重要的结构:将成为幼苗并最终长成成熟植物的胚,以及胚乳,一种在胚生长时为胚提供营养的组织。如果你吃过大米,你就吃过胚乳,胚乳是占米粒大部分的淀粉。自从农业出现以来,人类已经选择和培育了胚乳部分更大、淀粉含量更高的种子,最终创造了我们现在所依赖的作物品种。胚乳,无论是直接或间接通过动物饲料,现在提供了估计67%的热量消耗的人类世界各地,并改善这些品种仍然是至关重要的。因此,从农业和粮食安全的角度来看,胚乳的发育对人类的生存至关重要。 本研究将探讨猴花胚乳发育的调控基因,以及猴花胚乳与胚之间的分子和进化相互作用。虽然没有被人类食用,但由于其生态和进化历史,Mimulus提供了一个独特的机会来研究胚乳和胚胎之间相互作用的进化和分子方面。 由于这些相互作用调节胚乳的生长,从而调节农业品种种子营养部分的大小,因此Mimulus的这项研究结果有望对人类农业生产力至关重要的发育过程产生分子理解。这项研究将激发新的高中生物学教学模块在遗传学,进化和植物发育生物学,强调胚乳对人类饮食的重要性,以及传粉者和生殖障碍在通过进化过程产生生命多样性中的作用。最近的证据将父母的进化理论联系起来,后代对母体资源的争夺导致了控制种子胚乳正常发育的表观遗传印记基因的进化。在倍性间杂种中,发育胚乳中父本和母本等位基因表达的剂量敏感性对正常发育至关重要,并且破坏导致种子败育。到目前为止,它仍然是未知的,是否这种冲突超过胚胎供应导致进化分歧的印记基因或其目标,并最终杂交种子致死,在二倍体物种。研究人员建议通过确定胚乳发育中物种分化的遗传基础和进化机制来测试这种可能性,并导致杂交种子败育,这是Mimulus guttatus sp.复合体中的主要隔离障碍。本研究整合了基因组学、分子遗传学和发育生物学方法,利用高通量基因组作图、RNA测序技术和转基因技术,阐明了导致苜蓿种子败育的遗传机制。guttatus x M.裸石十字架在这样做的过程中,它研究了进化生物学家的基本兴趣问题(新物种是如何形成的?),以及发育生物学家(胚乳生长是如何调节的?)同时解决了一个双方都感兴趣的问题:当母亲调节生长和发育的需要与她的后代不同时,什么样的分子变化可能会迅速进化? 阐明这些问题将有助于阐明胚乳生长的发育过程和开花植物分化的进化机制。

项目成果

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John Willis其他文献

Computing Power Series Expansions of Modular Forms
模块化形式的计算能力系列扩展
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2012
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    J. Voight;John Willis
  • 通讯作者:
    John Willis
718 Computer Vision-Based Quality Assurance in Gastric Biopsies Finds Missed Intestinal Metaplasia
基于 718 计算机视觉的胃活检质量保证发现遗漏的肠化生
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.labinv.2024.102949
  • 发表时间:
    2025-03-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.200
  • 作者:
    John Willis;William Jeck;Wei Chen;Fengming Chen;Avani Pendse;Katherine Garman
  • 通讯作者:
    Katherine Garman
Long-term comparison of pilot UASB and AnMBR systems treating domestic sewage at ambient temperatures
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.jece.2022.108489
  • 发表时间:
    2022-12-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Maxime Rattier;Jose A. Jimenez;Mark W. Miller;Ashwin Dhanasekar;John Willis;Jürg Keller;Damien Batstone
  • 通讯作者:
    Damien Batstone
Presymptomatic late-infantile metachromatic leukodystrophy treated with bone marrow transplantation.
通过骨髓移植治疗症状前晚期婴儿异染性脑白质营养不良。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    1994
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.3
  • 作者:
    Gabriella Pridjian;James R Humbert;John Willis;Emmanuel Shapira
  • 通讯作者:
    Emmanuel Shapira
Meningeal diverticula treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt
  • DOI:
    10.1007/bf00301089
  • 发表时间:
    1994-04-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.200
  • 作者:
    John Willis;Joseph Nadell;Ann Henderson-Tilton
  • 通讯作者:
    Ann Henderson-Tilton

John Willis的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('John Willis', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: RoL: Rapid Evolution of Reproductive Isolation via Hybrid Seed Lethality in Mimulus
合作研究:RoL:通过混合种子致死率实现生殖隔离的快速进化
  • 批准号:
    1856157
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Shedding Light on the Complex Relationship Between Circadian Clock Variation and the Trade-off Between Flowering Time and Flower Size
论文研究:揭示昼夜节律时钟变化与开花时间和花朵大小之间的权衡之间的复杂关系
  • 批准号:
    1501764
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Understanding the Role of Chromosomal Inversions in Life History Divergence and Local Adaptation in Mimulus
论文研究:了解染色体倒位在酸浆菌生活史分歧和局部适应中的作用
  • 批准号:
    1501758
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Genetic Basis and Adaptive Significance of Key Developmental Traits Underlying Ecological Differences Between Sympatric Sister Species
论文研究:同域姐妹物种之间生态差异的关键发育特征的遗传基础和适应性意义
  • 批准号:
    1406952
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Proposal: The ecological genomic basis of parallel serpentine adaptation in Mimulus
合作提案:Mimulus 平行蛇纹适应的生态基因组基础
  • 批准号:
    1354688
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Genetic basis of population level divergence in flower morph production induced by variable threshold environmental conditions
论文研究:可变阈值环境条件诱导的花形态生产群体水平差异的遗传基础
  • 批准号:
    1407148
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The Genetics of Adaptation to a Novel Stressful Environment in Mimulus
论文研究: 酸浆菌适应新压力环境的遗传学
  • 批准号:
    1210755
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The Genetic Basis of Local Adaptation: Serpentine Tolerance in Mimulus guttatus
论文研究:局部适应的遗传基础:Mimulus guttatus 的蛇纹石耐受性
  • 批准号:
    1110753
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
LiT: Genomic Analysis of Life-History Adaptation to Variation in Seasonal Water Availability in Mimulus
LiT:酸浆草生活史适应季节性水供应变化的基因组分析
  • 批准号:
    1024966
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Genomic and phenotypic evolution in synthetic and natural allotetraploid Mimulus
论文研究:合成和天然异源四倍体含酸浆的基因组和表型进化
  • 批准号:
    0910296
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 50.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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