HCC-Small: Deception Hotspots as a Resource for Supporting Interpersonal Awareness Narratives

对电子通信中欺骗功能的研究旨在开发新的理论和工具，这些理论和工具将显著改善所有类型虚拟组织中的协作。虚拟组织——跨越地域和制度界限的个人、设施和资源的集合——正在对人们的社交和协作方式产生变革性的影响。它们使具有不同观点的个人之间能够相互作用，否则这些人可能无法一起工作，共享昂贵和稀缺的资源，以及完成任务和解决问题的新方法。尽管虚拟组织为分布式团队提供了独特的功能，但许多人在远距离协同工作时都遇到了困难。虽然虚拟组织提供了基本的通信工具（例如，即时消息或视频会议），但这些工具缺乏对发起和退出对话的微妙和细微差别的支持。特别是，系统不能支持人们用来解释他们的行为和可用性的叙述。社会实践和技术实现之间的这种脱节的结果是大量不必要的中断，以及一个人愿意与谁分享哪些个人信息的艰难决定。本研究通过发展一种人际意识的叙事方法，并通过关注欺骗在管理这些叙事中的作用，解决了这个基本问题。初步证据表明，在即时通讯中，五分之一的谎言是用来开始或结束对话的。这些谎言代表着潜在的有价值的“热点”，预示着一个人人际意识叙事中的问题。聚焦于这些热点，本研究解决了3个问题：1)人们如何使用欺骗来管理他们的互动并避免不必要的干扰？3)是否有基于语言和传感器的属性表明欺骗可能存在？3)这些知识可以用来设计和评估管理人际意识叙事和实现虚拟组织中的互动的工具吗？这项工作建立在人际意识领域的大量研究和促进地理分布群体的非正式互动。它通过关注人际意识叙事做出了几个独特的贡献：1)系统地检查欺骗作为现有意识技术资源使用的条件，2)将欺骗概念化为可以用于支持人际意识的“热点”指标，3)识别欺骗的行为预测因子，以设计减少不必要的中断而不阻碍那些有用或重要的系统。通过更流畅地管理注意力和意识需求，虚拟组织的成员将能够协调他们的活动并更有效地完成他们的任务，并且组织作为一个整体将能够更好地满足他们的业务，教育，社会或其他目标。

This study of the function of deception in electronic communications is designed to develop new theories and tools that will significantly improve collaboration in virtual organizations of all types. Virtual organizations - aggregations of individuals, facilities and resources that span geographic and institutional boundaries - are having transformative effects on the ways in which people socialize and collaborate. They enable interaction between individuals with diverse perspectives who might not otherwise work together, the sharing of expensive and scarce resources, and novel ways of accomplishing tasks and solving problems. Despite the unique capabilities that virtual organizations provide to distributed groups, many have faced difficulties in working together at a distance. While virtual organizations provide basic communication tools (e.g., instant messaging or video conferencing), these tools lack support for the subtlety and nuance of initiating and exiting conversations. In particular, systems fail to support the narrative accounts that people use to explain their behavior and availability. The result of this disconnect between social practice and technical implementation is a flood of unwanted interruptions and painstaking decisions about what personal information one is willing to share and with whom. This research addresses this fundamental problem by developing a narrative approach to interpersonal awareness, and by focusing on the role of deception in managing these narratives. Preliminary evidence suggests that one fifth of all lies told in instant messaging are used to initiate or conclude a conversation. These lies represent potentially valuable "hotspots" that signal trouble in one's interpersonal awareness narrative. Focusing on these hotspots, this work addresses 3 issues: 1) How do people use deception to manage their interactions and avoid unwanted interruption? 3) Are there linguistic and sensor-based attributes that indicate deception may be likely? 3) Can this knowledge be used to design and evaluate tools for managing interpersonal awareness narratives and enabling interaction in virtual organizations? This work builds on substantial research in the area of interpersonal awareness and fostering informal interaction in geographically distributed groups. It makes several unique contributions through a focus on interpersonal awareness narratives: 1) systematically examining the conditions under which deception is used as a resource with existing awareness technologies, 2) conceptualizing deceptions as an indicator of a "hot spot" that can be drawn on in supporting interpersonal awareness, 3) identifying behavioral predictors of deception to design systems that reduce unwanted interruptions without blocking those that are useful or important. By managing attentional and awareness needs more fluidly, members of virtual organizations will be able to coordinate their activity and achieve their tasks more effectively, and the organizations as a whole will be better able to meet their business, educational, social or other goals.