DAT: Scientists and Engineers as Agents of Technological Progress: Measuring the Returns to R&D and the Economic Impact of Science & Engineering Workers

DAT：科学家和工程师作为技术进步的推动者：衡量 R 的回报

• 批准号: 0915670
• 负责人: Richard Freeman
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0915670&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DAT; Scientists; Engineers; Agents; Technological

The project develops datasets and methods to estimate the economic return to R&D spending and the impact of both R&D and non-R&D science and engineering (S&E) workers on economic outcomes, and to assess the effects of the mobility of S&E workers on economic productivity. Existing data from multiple government (Census, NSF, BLS) and other archival sources are matched and linked together to create an "Amalgamated Science and Engineering Impact" (ASEI) database. The database includes measures of output and inputs of firms and plants, R&D expenditures of firms and universities, patents of firms and other organizations, S&E employment by industry and geography, and the mobility of workers across firms and plants.The research connects diverse measures of S&E activity to outcomes in the economy overall and in different sectors. The project produces:1. Updated estimates of private returns to R&D, not only in the widely studied manufacturing sector, but also in other sectors of the economy, and for small firms as well as large firms; 2. New estimates of the social returns to R&D, using measures of "spillover" R&D stock based on geographic region, industry sector, and technology proximity;3. Estimates of the effect of own R&D and spillover R&D on patent output and market value of firms, and of the effect of patents on productivity of firms;4. Estimates of the impact of non-R&D S&E employment on firms? productivity, patents, and other outcomes;5. Estimates of the mobility of S&E workers across firms and plants, and of the effect of S&E worker mobility on economic outcomes;6. Estimates of the impact of R&D on the changing demand for labor with different skill levels. Broader ImpactsThe outcomes from this research inform policymakers about the contribution of science and engineering to the U.S. economy, consistent with the goals of the NSF SciSIP program. The research provides evidence on the changing returns to R&D in the U.S., on the mobility and impact of S&E workers in the U.S. economy, and on the future demand for labor with different types of skills. The new ASEI database and analytical methods enable rapid updating of estimated results on a regular basis. This can provide policymakers with timely data and analysis on policy issues of interest.

该项目开发的数据集和方法，以估计经济回报的研发支出和影响的研发和非研发科学和工程（S E）的工人对经济成果，并评估的影响，S E工人的流动性对经济生产力。来自多个政府（人口普查，NSF，BLS）和其他档案来源的现有数据被匹配并链接在一起，以创建一个“融合科学和工程影响”（ASEI）数据库。该数据库包括企业和工厂的产出和投入指标、企业和大学的研发支出、企业和其他组织的专利、按行业和地理位置划分的S E就业以及工人在企业和工厂之间的流动性。该研究将S E活动的不同指标与整体经济和不同部门的结果联系起来。该项目产生：1.更新了对研发的私人回报的估计，不仅在广泛研究的制造业部门，而且在其他经济部门，以及小公司和大公司; 2。使用基于地理区域、行业部门和技术接近度的“溢出”研发存量的措施，对研发的社会回报进行了新的估计;3.估计自有研发和溢出研发对企业专利产出和市场价值的影响，以及专利对企业生产率的影响;估计非研发、发展、科学和工程就业对企业的影响？生产力、专利和其他成果;5.估计跨公司和工厂的S E工人的流动性，以及S E工人流动性对经济成果的影响;6。研究与开发对不同技能水平劳动力需求变化的影响的估计。更广泛的影响这项研究的结果告知决策者科学和工程对美国经济的贡献，与NSF SciSIP计划的目标一致。这项研究为美国研发回报的变化提供了证据，对S E工人在美国经济中的流动性和影响，以及未来对不同类型技能的劳动力的需求。新的ASEI数据库和分析方法能够定期快速更新估计结果。这可以为决策者提供有关感兴趣的政策问题的及时数据和分析。