COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Genome evolution in natural populations and synthetic lines of allopolyploids in Tragopogon (Asteraceae)

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。大多数关于多倍体（基因组加倍）的遗传和基因组后果的知识来自于对作物，合成多倍体和模式植物的研究。为了更好地理解多倍体如何塑造基因组进化和基因功能，本项目将使用基因组工具研究自然发生的多倍体。 黄芪（向日葵家族）提供了独特的机会，研究遗传和基因组的变化，发生在一个连续体从F1杂交到合成多倍体，最近和经常形成的自然群体的T。mirus和T.只有60-80年后形成的混合物。通过对数百个基因位点的分析，研究了野生多倍体群体中基因丢失和基因表达变化的相对频率。mirus和T.将评估独立来源的杂交种和合成多倍体的多个品系。了解多倍体进化对于了解大多数生命谱系的起源和多样化至关重要，特别是开花植物，其中多倍体是常见的（例如，大多数作物和杂草是多倍体）。这项研究将是第一次应用拟议的基因组学方法的非模式物种，并作为一个模型，使用基因组工具来研究物种有限的遗传和基因组资源。该项目包括许多培训和辅导活动。它将为一名博士后科学家，3名技术人员，2名研究生和2名本科生提供跨学科的研究培训。它将组织研讨会，并为科学界的妇女和本科生研究人员提供指导。该项目还将为大学预科教师举办关于基因组学和进化的讲习班，并在专业科学会议上举办两次关于使用基因组学工具的讲习班。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Most of what is known about the genetic and genomic consequences of polyploidy (genome doubling) is derived from the study of crops, synthetic polyploids, and model plants. To better understand how polyploidy shapes genome evolution and gene function, this project will investigate naturally occurring polyploids using genomic tools. Tragopogon (sunflower family) provides the unique opportunity to study the genetic and genomic changes that occur across a continuum from F1 hybrids to synthetic polyploids to recently and recurrently formed natural populations of T. mirus and T. miscellus that are only 60-80 years post-formation. Through analysis of hundreds of gene loci, the relative frequency of gene loss and gene expression changes in natural polyploid populations of T. mirus and T. miscellus of independent origin and in multiple lines of synthetic polyploids will be assessed. Understanding polyploid evolution is central to understanding the origin and diversification of most lineages of life, particularly flowering plants, a group in which polyploidy is common (e.g., most crops and weeds are polyploid). This study will be the first application of the proposed genomics methodology to non-model species and serves as a model for use of genomic tools to study species for which limited genetic and genomic resources are available. The project includes many training and mentoring activities. It will provide interdisciplinary research-based training for a postdoctoral scientist, 3 technicians, 2 graduate students and 2 undergraduate students. It will organize symposia and provide mentoring for women in science and for undergraduate researchers. The project also will sponsor workshop for pre-college teachers on genomics and evolution and 2 workshops at professional scientific meetings on use of genomics tools.