SBIR Phase II: GABA-Mediated Nitrogen Efficiency

SBIR 第二阶段：GABA 介导的氮效率

• 批准号: 0923966
• 负责人: Frank Turano
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Plant Sensory Systems, LLC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0923966&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; GABA; Mediated

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project addresses the need for crops with increased yield. Yield is directly related to nitrogen (N) utilization and is dramatically affected by climate. Plant Sensory Systems has developed a genetic modification to plants that increases their N use efficiency (NUE) and tolerance to drought and high temperatures. The modification is the insertion of a novel pathway for making gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in plants. Phase I research demonstrated that the genetically modified model plants were more drought- and heat tolerant and had higher yield in both N-limited and N-sufficient conditions compared to wildtype plants. In Phase II the gene construct will be tested in a crop plant to demonstrate commercial feasibility. Agronomic performance in N- and water-limited and sufficient conditions will be determined in homozygote corn lines.The broader impacts of this research are the stabilization of the agronomic sector of the economy and a reduction in adverse effects of agriculture on the environment. The innovation would lead to crops with higher yields that cost less to produce. The need for less N fertilizer would reduce costs to the growers and have significant environmental savings by reducing the amount of N that runs into the watershed. Moreover, a reduction in fertilizer production and application would reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The innovation confers tolerance to climate changes, which would also reduce crop-production costs and increase yield. The proposed technology has great commercial potential in a market actively seeking increased NUE and value-added traits.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目解决了作物增产的需求。产量与氮素利用率直接相关，并受气候影响显著。Plant Sensory Systems已经开发了一种基因改造植物，提高其氮利用效率（NUE）和对干旱和高温的耐受性。这种修饰是在植物中插入一种制造γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的新途径。第一阶段研究表明，与野生型植物相比，转基因模式植物更耐旱和耐热，并且在氮限制和氮充足条件下具有更高的产量。在第二阶段，基因构建体将在作物植物中进行测试，以证明商业可行性。将在纯合子玉米品系中确定在氮和水有限和充足条件下的农艺表现，这项研究的更广泛影响是经济的农艺部门的稳定和农业对环境的不利影响的减少。这项创新将导致作物产量更高，生产成本更低。对氮肥的需求减少将降低种植者的成本，并通过减少流入流域的氮量来节省大量的环境费用。此外，减少化肥的生产和使用将减少温室气体的排放。这项创新赋予了对气候变化的耐受性，这也将降低作物生产成本并提高产量。所提出的技术在积极寻求增加NUE和增值性状的市场中具有巨大的商业潜力。