SBIR Phase II: Nutrient-Enhanced Soybean for Aquafeed

SBIR 第二阶段：用于水产饲料的营养强化大豆

• 批准号: 1660184
• 负责人: Frank Turano
• 金额: $ 75万
• 依托单位: Plant Sensory Systems, LLC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2019-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1660184&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Nutrient; Enhanced

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project will be the production of enhanced-nutrition soybeans that have high levels of protein for use in aquafeed. Meat and fish consumption is rapidly growing due to increased world population and affluence. Aquaculture is the fastest growing food sector. Small wild-caught fish are used for aquaculture feed. Wild-caught fish harvests have not changed in 25 years and overfishing small fish jeopardizes the marine ecosystem. Aquafeed producers are turning to soy-based protein to replace fishmeal but soy-based proteins lack taurine and are deficient in methionine, two important nutrients for fish. To meet fish nutritional requirements, producers supplement soy-based aquafeed with synthetic taurine and methionine. In addition to added costs, synthetic taurine and methionine are produced from hazardous substances, and synthetic taurine has been shown to contain arsenic. Successful development of enhanced-nutrition soybean seeds would reduce the amount of supplemental nutrients required in aquafeed, a $2.2B global annual cost predicted for 2020, and could save aquafeed producers 20% of their additive feed costs. Enhanced-nutrition soybean seeds would be an economical, healthy, sustainable, environmentally friendly and secure source of taurine and methionine for the rapidly growing aquaculture industry.This SBIR Phase II project will use a biotechnology approach to increase the essential nutrients in soybean seeds for use in aquafeed. Many aquafeed producers use plant-based protein, primarily from soybean, as a replacement for fishmeal. However, plants lack some nutrients required for normal fish growth and development. Taurine and methionine, two nutrients either lacking or limited in soybean, are supplemented to soy-based aquafeed, thus increasing feed-production costs. The goal of this project is to increase the levels of taurine and methionine produced in the seeds of a commercial-grade, high-protein soybean variety that has high feed digestibility. Molecular and biochemical methods will be used to identify soybean seeds with: (1) taurine and high methionine levels; (2) uncompromised quality and viability; (3) unaffected levels of other nutrients; (4) normal to higher-than-normal protein content; and (5) low levels of nondigestible compounds. The anticipated results are the production of soybean seeds with a minimum of 0.2% taurine (dry seed weight) and at least 50% more total methionine compared with control seeds.

该小企业创新研究 (SBIR) 第二阶段项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力将是生产用于水产饲料的蛋白质含量高的强化营养大豆。由于世界人口和富裕程度的增加，肉类和鱼类的消费量正在迅速增长。水产养殖是增长最快的食品部门。野生捕获的小鱼可用作水产养殖饲料。野生捕获的鱼类产量 25 年来没有变化，过度捕捞小鱼危及海洋生态系统。水产饲料生产商正在转向使用大豆蛋白来替代鱼粉，但大豆蛋白缺乏牛磺酸和蛋氨酸，而蛋氨酸是鱼类的两种重要营养素。为了满足鱼类的营养需求，生产商在大豆水产饲料中添加合成牛磺酸和蛋氨酸。除了增加成本之外，合成牛磺酸和蛋氨酸是由有害物质生产的，并且合成牛磺酸已被证明含有砷。成功开发强化营养大豆种子将减少水产饲料所需的补充营养物质的量（预计 2020 年全球年度成本为 2.2B 美元），并可为水产饲料生产商节省 20% 的添加剂饲料成本。强化营养大豆种子将成为快速增长的水产养殖业经济、健康、可持续、环保和安全的牛磺酸和蛋氨酸来源。该SBIR二期项目将采用生物技术方法来增加用于水产饲料的大豆种子中的必需营养素。许多水产饲料生产商使用植物蛋白（主要来自大豆）作为鱼粉的替代品。然而，植物缺乏鱼类正常生长发育所需的一些营养物质。牛磺酸和蛋氨酸这两种大豆中缺乏或有限的营养素被添加到以大豆为基础的水产饲料中，从而增加了饲料生产成本。该项目的目标是提高具有高饲料消化率的商业级高蛋白大豆品种种子中产生的牛磺酸和蛋氨酸水平。将采用分子和生化方法来鉴定大豆种子：（1）牛磺酸和蛋氨酸含量高； (2) 不妥协的质量和生存能力； (3) 其他营养素的含量不受影响； (4)蛋白质含量正常至高于正常； (5) 不易消化的化合物含量低。预期结果是生产的大豆种子与对照种子相比，牛磺酸（种子干重）含量至少为 0.2%，总蛋氨酸含量至少高出 50%。