SBIR Phase I: Taurine- and Methionine-Rich Soybean for Aquafeed

SBIR 第一阶段：用于水产饲料的富含牛磺酸和蛋氨酸的大豆

• 批准号: 1549234
• 负责人: Frank Turano
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: Plant Sensory Systems, LLC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1549234&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Taurine; Methionine; Rich

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) project will be the production of enhanced-nutrition (EN) soybeans that contain taurine and increased methionine. As the world population increases and becomes more affluent, meat and fish consumption is rapidly growing. The fastest growing food sector is aquaculture. Small wild-caught fish are used to make feed for aquaculture, but wild-caught fish harvests have not changed in 25 years. This practice is not sustainable. Overfishing the small fish population jeopardizes the marine ecosystem. Aquafeed producers are turning to soy-based protein to replace fishmeal but plant proteins lack taurine and are deficient in methionine, two important amino acids for fish. To meet fish nutritional requirements, producers supplement soy-based aquafeed with synthetic taurine and methionine. In addition to added costs, synthetic taurine and methionine are produced from hazardous substances, and synthetic taurine has been shown to contain arsenic. EN soybeans would reduce the amount of supplemental amino acids required in aquafeed, a $2.2B global annual cost predicted for 2020, and could save aquafeed producers 20% of additive feed costs. The EN soybean would be an economical, healthy, sustainable, environmentally friendly and secure source of taurine and methionine for the rapidly growing aquaculture industry.This SBIR Phase I project proposes to demonstrate that the enhanced-nutrition (EN) technology can produce commercially viable levels of taurine and methionine in soybean seeds without adversely affecting seed quality. Soy-based protein is replacing meat and fish-based protein. However, plants lack some amino acids required in aquafeed and must be supplemented, which increases feed-production costs. Taurine and methionine, two amino acids either lacking or limited in soybean, are added to soy-based aquafeed. The goal of this SBIR project is to produce soybeans that contain taurine and increased methionine that can be used in aquafeed with reduced supplemental amino acids. Molecular, biochemical, and physiological methods will be used to meet the following objectives in this Phase I research. The goals are to determine whether EN soybean seeds contain taurine and have higher methionine levels compared with seeds of control lines; determine whether the EN technology affects the other amino acid levels, seed quality (total protein, oil, moisture content, and seed viability), or seed-storage protein levels; and identify five lines with high levels of taurine and methionine. Anticipated technical results are EN soybean seeds with taurine levels at least 0.2% dry seed weight and total methionine levels at least twice that of seeds in control lines.

这项小企业创新研究（SBIR）项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力将是生产含有牛磺酸和蛋氨酸的增强营养（EN）大豆。随着世界人口的增加和富裕程度的提高，肉类和鱼类的消费量也在迅速增长。增长最快的食品部门是水产养殖。野生捕获的小鱼被用来制作水产养殖的饲料，但野生捕获的鱼的产量在25年里没有改变。这种做法是不可持续的。过度捕捞少量的鱼类危害了海洋生态系统。水产饲料生产商正在转向以大豆为基础的蛋白质来代替鱼粉，但植物蛋白缺乏牛磺酸和蛋氨酸，这两种氨基酸对鱼类很重要。为了满足鱼类的营养需求，生产商在大豆基饲料中添加合成牛磺酸和蛋氨酸。除了成本增加之外，合成牛磺酸和蛋氨酸是由有害物质生产的，而合成牛磺酸已被证明含有砷。EN大豆将减少水产饲料中所需的氨基酸补充量，预计到2020年全球每年将减少22亿美元的成本，并可为水产饲料生产商节省20%的添加剂饲料成本。对于快速增长的水产养殖业来说，EN大豆将是一种经济、健康、可持续、环保和安全的牛磺酸和蛋氨酸来源。该SBIR一期项目旨在证明强化营养（EN）技术可以在不影响种子质量的情况下在大豆种子中产生商业上可行水平的牛磺酸和蛋氨酸。大豆蛋白质正在取代肉类和鱼类蛋白质。然而，植物缺乏水产饲料所需的一些氨基酸，必须补充，这增加了饲料生产成本。牛磺酸和蛋氨酸是大豆中缺乏或有限的两种氨基酸，被添加到大豆基水产饲料中。SBIR项目的目标是生产含有牛磺酸和蛋氨酸的大豆，这些大豆可用于添加较少氨基酸的水产饲料。分子、生物化学和生理方法将用于满足本一期研究的以下目标。目的是确定与对照品种相比，EN大豆种子是否含有牛磺酸和较高的蛋氨酸水平；确定EN技术是否影响其他氨基酸水平、种子质量（总蛋白、油含量、水分含量和种子活力）或种子储存蛋白质水平；找出五种牛磺酸和蛋氨酸含量高的品种。预期的技术结果是，EN大豆种子的牛磺酸含量至少为种子干重的0.2%，总蛋氨酸含量至少为对照品系种子的两倍。