Bimetallic Overlayer Catalysts for Sustainable Fuel Production from Lactose

小行星0933017 该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案资助的（公法111-5）.该提案的目标是：1）证明通过水相重整（APR）从乳糖可持续地生产H2的能力，2）进一步开发用于生产具有受控微结构的H2催化剂的合成技术（假晶覆盖层），允许微调催化性能，3）将可持续性和催化的概念纳入中学，本科和研究生水平的学生垂直整合的教育计划。研究和智力优势：该研究将合成和表征具有特定控制元素结构的双金属催化剂，以提供最佳的催化活性。该工作将集中于开发用于乳糖APR生产H2的假晶覆盖层（base@overlayer）双金属催化剂。具体的目标是：-完善重载合成技术的应用程序的一个粒子和单层合成，适用于Ni@Pt和Co@Pt催化剂，并将其扩展到新的支持。覆盖层催化剂显示出降低的H2（和CO）吸附强度，这被假定为增加活性，因为H2（和CO）抑制反应。再装填技术先前已经生产出具有降低的H2吸附强度的催化剂。使用TEM、热重分析、化学吸附、X射线吸收光谱和俄歇电子能谱表征催化剂的结构和稳定性作为热和环境条件的函数。来自多种技术的大量证据将证明已经合成了所需的结构，并且在高温和反应性条件下覆盖层是稳定的。建立了Ni@Pt和Co@Pt假晶型催化剂上乳糖APR反应的结构/反应活性关系。由于选择性和产物抑制问题，APR代表了对现有工作的额外挑战。这将展示合成的结构如何影响反应性。教育：教育目标是垂直整合可持续性和催化教育和多层次的研究，从中学开始，继续通过本科和研究生院。具体的教育活动有：-制定环境保护和农业废物可持续能源推广方案。本文中的乳糖例子将用于教育中学生保护环境免受农业废物的影响，以及如何将这些废物转化为可持续能源。该计划将发展成为密歇根州环境教育课程支持（MEECS）水质单元，专为6-8年级学生设计，以确保全州范围内的分布。活动将适合位于密歇根州上半岛西部农村和经济落后地区的学生和学校，并将针对当地的美洲原住民人口。开发涉及可持续发展和催化的模块，用于两个现有的本科班。研究生参与密歇根理工大学可持续未来研究所的活动，并获得可持续发展研究生证书。更广泛的影响：这项工作的结果预计将在以下方面造福社会，政府，工业和学术界：-这种设计的改进催化剂将允许以碳中和的方式从乳糖中可持续地生产H2，从而改善我们的环境。一旦开发出来，这项技术就可以扩展到其他糖源。了解水质和可持续能源生产的重要性的中学生将对追求科学事业产生更大的兴趣。研究生在参加国家实验室的实验时将了解催化与可持续发展之间的关系，这将使他们接触到更广泛的专家和新的职业机会。

0933017 Holles This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The goals of this proposal are: 1) demonstrate the ability to sustainably produce H2 from lactose via aqueous-phase reforming (APR), 2) to further develop a synthesis technique for producing bimetallic catalysts with controlled microstructure (pseudomorphic overlayer) that allows fine tuning of catalytic properties, 3) incorporate concepts of sustainability and catalysis in a vertically integrated education programs for middle school, undergraduate and graduate level students.Research and Intellectual Merit: The research will synthesize and characterize bimetallic catalysts with specifically controlled elemental structure to provide optimum catalytic activity.The work will be focused on developing pseudomorphic overlayer (base@overlayer) bimetalliccatalysts for use in APR of lactose to produce H2. The specific objectives are:- Refine the reload synthesis technique for the application of a bimetallic particle and monolayer synthesis, apply it towards Ni@Pt and Co@Pt catalysts, and extend it to new supports. Overlayer catalysts show decreased H2 (and CO) adsorption strength which are postulated to increase activity since H2 (and CO) inhibits the reaction. The reload technique has previously produced catalysts with decreased H2 adsorption strength.- Characterize the structure and stability of the catalysts as a function of thermal andenvironmental conditions using TEM, thermogravimetry, chemisorption, x-rayabsorption spectroscopy, and auger electron spectroscopy. A preponderance of evidence from multiple techniques will establish that the desired structure has been synthesized and that the overlayer is stable under elevated thermal and reactivity conditions.- Establish the structure/reactivity relationships for APR of lactose reaction on the model Ni@Pt and Co@Pt pseudomorphic overlayer catalysts. APR represents an additional challenge over existing work due to selectivity and product inhibition issues. This will demonstrate how the synthesized structures affect reactivity.Education: The education goal is to vertically integrate sustainability and catalysis education and research at multiple levels, beginning with middle school and continuing through undergraduate and graduate school. Specific education activities are:- Develop an Environmental Protection and Sustainable Energy from Agriculture Waste outreach program. The lactose example herein will be used to educate middle school students about protecting the environment from agricultural waste and how this waste can be converted to sustainable energy. This program will be developed into a Michigan Environmental Education Curriculum Support (MEECS) Water Quality unit designed for Grades 6-8 students to ensure statewide distribution. Activities will be adapted for students and schools located in the rural and economically disadvantaged western Upper Peninsula of Michigan and will target the local Native American populations.- Develop modules involving sustainability and catalysis for use in two currently existing undergraduate classes.- Graduate student participation in Sustainable Futures Institute activities here at Michigan Tech and earning the Graduate Certificate in Sustainability.Broader Impacts: The results of this work are expected to benefit society, government, industry, and academia in the following ways:- Improved catalysts of this design will allow sustainable production of H2 from lactose in a carbon neutral manner, thereby improving our environment. Once developed, this technique can then be extended to other sugar sources.- Middle schools students who learn the importance of water quality and sustainable energy production will develop a greater interest in pursuing science careers.- Graduate students will understand the relationship between catalysis and sustainability while participating in experiments at national laboratories, which will expose them to a broader array of experts and to new career opportunities.