Bimetallic Overlayer Catalysts for Sustainable Fuel Production from Lactose

0933017 Holles该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。本提案的目标是：1)证明通过水相重整（APR）从乳糖可持续生产H2的能力，2)进一步开发一种合成技术，用于生产具有可控微观结构（伪晶层）的双金属催化剂，从而可以微调催化性能，3)将可持续性和催化的概念纳入中学，本科和研究生水平的垂直整合教育计划。研究和智力优势：该研究将合成和表征具有特定控制元素结构的双金属催化剂，以提供最佳的催化活性。工作重点将是开发假晶覆盖层（base@overlayer）双金属催化剂，用于乳糖的APR生产H2。具体目标是：-改进双金属颗粒和单层合成的重装合成技术，将其应用于Ni@Pt和Co@Pt催化剂，并将其扩展到新的载体。表层催化剂显示H2（和CO）的吸附强度降低，这被认为是由于H2（和CO）抑制了反应，从而增加了活性。重载技术以前生产过H2吸附强度降低的催化剂。-利用TEM、热重法、化学吸附、x射线吸收光谱和俄歇电子能谱，表征催化剂的结构和稳定性与热环境条件的关系。来自多种技术的优势证据将确定所期望的结构已经合成，并且覆盖层在升高的热和反应性条件下是稳定的。-在模型Ni@Pt和Co@Pt伪晶层催化剂上建立乳糖反应APR的结构/反应性关系。由于选择性和产物抑制问题，APR代表了对现有工作的额外挑战。这将演示合成的结构如何影响反应性。教育：教育目标是从中学开始，一直到本科和研究生院，在多个层次上垂直整合可持续性和催化教育和研究。具体的教育活动有：-制定环境保护和农业废物可持续能源推广计划。这里的乳糖例子将用于教育中学生保护环境免受农业废弃物的影响，以及如何将这些废弃物转化为可持续能源。该计划将发展成为密歇根州环境教育课程支持（MEECS）水质单元，为6-8年级的学生设计，以确保在全州范围内分发。活动将适用于密歇根州西部上半岛农村和经济条件较差的学生和学校，并将针对当地的美洲原住民人口。-开发涉及可持续性和催化的模块，用于两个现有的本科课程。-研究生参加密歇根理工大学可持续未来研究所的活动，并获得可持续发展研究生证书。更广泛的影响：这项工作的结果有望在以下方面使社会、政府、工业和学术界受益：-改进的这种设计的催化剂将允许以碳中和的方式从乳糖中可持续地生产H2，从而改善我们的环境。一旦开发成功，这项技术就可以推广到其他糖源。-中学学生若认识到水质和可持续能源生产的重要性，会对从事科学事业产生更大的兴趣。-研究生将在参与国家实验室的实验时了解催化和可持续性之间的关系，这将使他们接触到更广泛的专家和新的职业机会。

0933017 Holles This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The goals of this proposal are: 1) demonstrate the ability to sustainably produce H2 from lactose via aqueous-phase reforming (APR), 2) to further develop a synthesis technique for producing bimetallic catalysts with controlled microstructure (pseudomorphic overlayer) that allows fine tuning of catalytic properties, 3) incorporate concepts of sustainability and catalysis in a vertically integrated education programs for middle school, undergraduate and graduate level students.Research and Intellectual Merit: The research will synthesize and characterize bimetallic catalysts with specifically controlled elemental structure to provide optimum catalytic activity.The work will be focused on developing pseudomorphic overlayer (base@overlayer) bimetalliccatalysts for use in APR of lactose to produce H2. The specific objectives are:- Refine the reload synthesis technique for the application of a bimetallic particle and monolayer synthesis, apply it towards Ni@Pt and Co@Pt catalysts, and extend it to new supports. Overlayer catalysts show decreased H2 (and CO) adsorption strength which are postulated to increase activity since H2 (and CO) inhibits the reaction. The reload technique has previously produced catalysts with decreased H2 adsorption strength.- Characterize the structure and stability of the catalysts as a function of thermal andenvironmental conditions using TEM, thermogravimetry, chemisorption, x-rayabsorption spectroscopy, and auger electron spectroscopy. A preponderance of evidence from multiple techniques will establish that the desired structure has been synthesized and that the overlayer is stable under elevated thermal and reactivity conditions.- Establish the structure/reactivity relationships for APR of lactose reaction on the model Ni@Pt and Co@Pt pseudomorphic overlayer catalysts. APR represents an additional challenge over existing work due to selectivity and product inhibition issues. This will demonstrate how the synthesized structures affect reactivity.Education: The education goal is to vertically integrate sustainability and catalysis education and research at multiple levels, beginning with middle school and continuing through undergraduate and graduate school. Specific education activities are:- Develop an Environmental Protection and Sustainable Energy from Agriculture Waste outreach program. The lactose example herein will be used to educate middle school students about protecting the environment from agricultural waste and how this waste can be converted to sustainable energy. This program will be developed into a Michigan Environmental Education Curriculum Support (MEECS) Water Quality unit designed for Grades 6-8 students to ensure statewide distribution. Activities will be adapted for students and schools located in the rural and economically disadvantaged western Upper Peninsula of Michigan and will target the local Native American populations.- Develop modules involving sustainability and catalysis for use in two currently existing undergraduate classes.- Graduate student participation in Sustainable Futures Institute activities here at Michigan Tech and earning the Graduate Certificate in Sustainability.Broader Impacts: The results of this work are expected to benefit society, government, industry, and academia in the following ways:- Improved catalysts of this design will allow sustainable production of H2 from lactose in a carbon neutral manner, thereby improving our environment. Once developed, this technique can then be extended to other sugar sources.- Middle schools students who learn the importance of water quality and sustainable energy production will develop a greater interest in pursuing science careers.- Graduate students will understand the relationship between catalysis and sustainability while participating in experiments at national laboratories, which will expose them to a broader array of experts and to new career opportunities.