Changes of Rainfall Seasonality and Drought Severity over Amazonia and Their Connections to Global Climate Change

亚马逊流域降雨季节性和干旱程度变化及其与全球气候变化的关系

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0937400
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2009-12-01 至 2014-11-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The rain forest of the Amazon accounts for roughly 15 percent of the Earth's terrestrial photosynthesis, and there is concern that anthropogenic global warming could lead to reduced rainfall and a "die-back" of what is arguably the world's greatest forest. Such a die-back could have serious implications for the biodiversity of the Amazon, and it could also lead to a substantial increase in global airborne carbon dioxide. But whether or not such die-back will occur is highly uncertain, and climate models show a wide range of projections for global warming-induced rainfall change over the Amazon. This project will address the question of future rainfall change by examing Amazon rainfall variability and associated dynamical mechanisms over the period of available observations, and determining the extent to which these mechanisms are correctly represented in climate models. The work has three main objectives: 1) to determine observationally whether or not rainfall seasonality and drought severity have changed significantly over the Amazon during the past few decades and, if so, what mechanisms have caused these changes; 2) to determine whether the observed rainfall changes are mainly attributable to natural climate variability or to forcing by anthropogenic emissions; 3) to validate the physical processes that control rainfall seasonality and drought severity in climate models, in order to reduce uncertainty in projections of future climate change in the Amazon. The work is based on the hypothesis that drought severity has increased over the past few decades due to more late onsets and early endings of the rainy season. A further hypothesis is that wet season onsets have been occurring later and wet season terminations earlier in recent decades over the southern Amazon due to warming of the tropical esastern Pacific and northern tropical Atlantic. Delays of the wet season onset are also hypothesized to occur as the result of a polward shift of the Southern Hemisphere subtropical jets, and because of agricultural burning.Aside from the benefits of the research for understanding and anticipating drought in the Amazon, the project will support education and the advancement of science education in the United States and in countries of the Amazon region. The present work will 1) support climate research and education programs in Amazonian countries by training PhD students, especially women from Amazonian countries, and collaborating with newly formed climate programs in that region; 2) support outstanding minority high school students from rural Texas and undergraduate students in climate science; 3) communicate research results and general climate science to the public.
亚马逊雨林约占地球陆地光合作用的15%,人们担心人为的全球变暖可能导致降雨量减少和世界上最大的森林“枯死”。 这种枯死可能对亚马逊的生物多样性产生严重影响,也可能导致全球空气中二氧化碳的大幅增加。 但这种枯死是否会发生是高度不确定的,气候模型显示了全球变暖引起的亚马逊地区降雨量变化的广泛预测。 该项目将研究未来降雨量变化的问题,方法是在现有观测期间检查亚马逊降雨量的变化和相关的动力机制,并确定这些机制在气候模型中正确反映的程度。 这项工作有三个主要目标:(1)通过观测确定过去几十年中亚马逊流域的降雨季节性和干旱严重程度是否发生了显著变化,如果发生了变化,是什么机制导致了这些变化;(2)确定观测到的降雨变化主要是由于自然气候变率还是人为排放的强迫; 3)验证气候模型中控制降雨季节性和干旱严重程度的物理过程,以减少亚马逊地区未来气候变化预测的不确定性。 这项工作是基于这样一种假设,即由于雨季较晚开始和较早结束,干旱的严重程度在过去几十年中有所增加。 另一个假设是,由于热带东太平洋和北方热带大西洋的变暖,近几十年来亚马逊南部的雨季开始较晚,雨季结束较早。 雨季开始的延迟也被假设是由于南半球亚热带急流向南移动的结果,以及由于农业燃烧,除了研究对理解和预测亚马逊干旱的好处外,该项目还将支持美国和亚马逊地区各国的教育和科学教育的发展。 目前的工作将1)通过培训博士生,特别是来自亚马逊国家的妇女,并与该地区新成立的气候计划合作,支持亚马逊国家的气候研究和教育计划; 2)支持来自德克萨斯州农村的优秀少数民族高中生和气候科学本科生; 3)向公众传播研究成果和一般气候科学。

项目成果

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Rong Fu其他文献

Selinexor synergizes with azacitidine to eliminate myelodysplastic syndrome cells through p53 nuclear accumulation
Selinexor 与阿扎胞苷协同作用,通过 p53 核积累消除骨髓增生异常综合征细胞
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s10637-022-01251-5
  • 发表时间:
    2022-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Yixuan Guo;Zhaoyun Liu;Lixiang Duan;Hongli Shen;Kai Ding;Rong Fu
  • 通讯作者:
    Rong Fu
Monsoons Climate Change Assessment
季风气候变化评估
  • DOI:
    10.1175/bams-d-19-0335.1
  • 发表时间:
    2020-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    8
  • 作者:
    Bin Wang;Michela Biasutti;Michael P. Byrne;Christopher Castro;Chih-Pei Chang;Kerry Cook;Rong Fu;Alice M. Grimm;Kyung-Ja Ha;Harry Hendon;Akio Kitoh;R. Krishnan;June-Yi Lee;Jianping Li;Jian Liu;Aurel Moise;Salvatore Pascale;M. K. Roxy;Anji Seth;Chung-Hsiung
  • 通讯作者:
    Chung-Hsiung
Matched related transplantation versus immunosuppressive therapy plus eltrombopag for frst-line treatment of severe aplastic anemia: a multicenter
匹配相关移植与免疫抑制治疗加艾曲波帕一线治疗严重再生障碍性贫血:多中心
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Limin Liu;Meiqing Lei;Rong Fu;Bing Han;Xin Zhao;Rongrong Liu;Yanming Zhang;Wenjing Jiao;Miao Miao;Fengkui Zhang;Liansheng Zhang;Depei Wu
  • 通讯作者:
    Depei Wu
Efficient full-spectrum driven ammonia synthesis over heterostructured TiO2 nanosheet arrays
基于异质结构 TiO2 纳米片阵列的高效全谱驱动氨合成
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.9
  • 作者:
    Xiaowei Mu;Shuang Cai;Rong Fu;Yumeng Qian;Ziye Pan;Lu Li
  • 通讯作者:
    Lu Li
Secukinumab demonstrates efficacy, safety, and tolerability upon administration by 2 ml autoinjector in adult patients with plaque psoriasis: 52‐week results from MATURE, a randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
苏金单抗在斑块状银屑病成人患者中通过 2 ml 自动注射器给药后显示出有效性、安全性和耐受性:MATURE(一项随机、安慰剂对照试验)的 52 周结果
  • DOI:
    10.1111/dth.15285
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.6
  • 作者:
    B. Sigurgeirsson;Jackson R. Browning;S. Tyring;J. Szepietowski;R. Rivera‐Díaz;I. Effendy;D. Keefe;G. Bruin;B. Paguet;Rong Fu;I. Hampele;M. Reinhardt;M. Patekar
  • 通讯作者:
    M. Patekar

Rong Fu的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Rong Fu', 18)}}的其他基金

Conference: Interaction between wildfire, heatwave, clouds and precipitation over complex topography
会议:复杂地形上野火、热浪、云和降水之间的相互作用
  • 批准号:
    2235524
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Diagnose and Understand the Mechanisms behind Warm Season Extreme Weather over Central and Intermountain United States
诊断并了解美国中部和山间暖季极端天气背后的机制
  • 批准号:
    2214697
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: A Synergistic Study of Aerosol Vertical Distributions and their Effects on Convective Clouds and Precipitation
合作研究:气溶胶垂直分布及其对对流云和降水影响的协同研究
  • 批准号:
    2103820
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Cross-equatorial Influences of South American Rainfall on the North Atlantic and Adjacent Continents
南美洲跨赤道降雨对北大西洋及邻近大陆的影响
  • 批准号:
    1917781
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Diagnostics of the Mechanisms that Control the Interannual Variations of the South American Climate and Its Connection to Climate over North America
南美气候年际变化控制机制诊断及其与北美气候的关系
  • 批准号:
    0203761
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
A Career Development Plan with Primary Emphasis on a Process Study of Upper Troposphere Water Vapor in Middle Latitudes
以中纬度对流层上层水汽过程研究为主的职业发展计划
  • 批准号:
    9507987
  • 财政年份:
    1995
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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RAPID: Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Chemistry to Wildfires across a Rainfall Gradient
RAPID:土壤有机碳化学对降雨梯度范围内野火的响应
  • 批准号:
    2409879
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
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Revolutionizing Seamless Precipitation Forecast: Machine Learning-Driven Assimilation of Satellite Precipitation Observations in NICAM-LETKF for Powering Global Diurnal and Heavy Rainfall Predictions
彻底改变无缝降水预报:NICAM-LETKF 中机器学习驱动的卫星降水观测同化,为全球昼夜和强降雨预测提供支持
  • 批准号:
    24K17129
  • 财政年份:
    2024
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    $ 55.52万
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    Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
Nowcasting with Artificial Intelligence for African Rainfall: NAIAR
利用人工智能预测非洲降雨量:NAIAR
  • 批准号:
    NE/Y000420/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
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    Research Grant
Future Rainfall and Flood Extremes (FURFLEX)
未来降雨量和极端洪水 (FURFLEX)
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    NE/Z000076/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
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CAREER: Transformative Understanding of Rainfall-Triggered Landslides with Vegetation Effects from a Climate Change Perspective: Initiation and Consequences
职业:从气候变化的角度对降雨引发的山体滑坡及其植被影响进行变革性的理解:起因和后果
  • 批准号:
    2340657
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
LTREB: How does inter-annual variation in rainfall interact with soil fertility and chronic disruption of soil moisture dynamics to alter soil C cycling in tropical forests?
LTREB:降雨量的年际变化如何与土壤肥力和土壤湿度动态的长期破坏相互作用,从而改变热带森林的土壤碳循环?
  • 批准号:
    2332006
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    2024
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    $ 55.52万
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Nowcasting with Artificial Intelligence for African Rainfall: NAIAR
利用人工智能预测非洲降雨量:NAIAR
  • 批准号:
    NE/Y000331/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
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    Research Grant
StormHarvester’s ‘AIFloodPredict’: A unique AI engine and rainfall prediction system to accurately predict advanced flood warning in regions of high vulnerability
StormHarvester 的“AIFloodPredict”:独特的人工智能引擎和降雨量预测系统,可准确预测高度脆弱地区的高级洪水预警
  • 批准号:
    10045459
  • 财政年份:
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Study on Heavy Rainfall Mechanism by Mathematical and Data-Driven Approach Using Large Ensemble
利用大集合的数学和数据驱动方法研究强降雨机制
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    23KF0161
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基于含水量随机性的Baiu暴雨系统自组织模型建立及预报精度验证
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 55.52万
  • 项目类别:
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