The Distribution and Social Impact of Mortgage Foreclosures in the United States

andrew A. BeveridgeElena VesselinovCUNY Queens College“该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。”这个项目的重点是了解丧失抵押品赎回权对美国社区的影响。我们解决两组研究问题：1)哪些社区、社区和大都市地区受到止赎危机的打击最严重？2)社区种族、民族和经济构成如何影响止赎的影响？三个理论模型将有助于我们解释我们的研究结果：地方分层模型；空间同化模型；还有种族社区模式。基于地域分层模型的预期是，非洲裔美国人的社区，以及其他肤色较深的少数族裔，包括一些拉丁裔、加勒比移民和一些南亚移民，将在止赎危机中受到最严重的打击。根据空间同化模型，我们预计社会经济地位较高的少数民族社区将受到与社会经济地位相似的白人社区同样的影响。最后，族裔社区模型假设，富裕的少数族裔社区受到的影响要小于同等条件的白人社区。该项目基于为我们的特定目标而构建的独特数据集，其中包含美国所有丧失抵押品赎回权的地理参考信息，这将定义丧失抵押品赎回权的模式。为了分析这些数据，我们将止赎信息与2000年人口普查数据、2005年至2008年美国社区调查数据以及2000年至2008年《住房抵押贷款披露法》提交的数据结合起来。这个项目的意义和更广泛的影响是双重的。首先，我们将能够确定和检查在美国受止赎危机打击最严重的社区的社会特征。第二，我们将通过Social Explorer （www.socialexplorer.com）向公众提供止赎地图和部分止赎数据。Social Explorer是一个受欢迎的人口统计网站，去年访客通过该网站制作了280多万张地图和25万多份报告。

SES-0937219Andrew A. BeveridgeElena VesselinovCUNY Queens College"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."This project focuses on understanding the impact of foreclosures on neighborhoods in the United States. We address two sets of research questions: 1) Which neighborhoods, communities, and metropolitan areas have been hit hardest by the foreclosure crisis? and 2) How does neighborhood racial, ethnic and economic composition affect the impact of foreclosures? Three theoretical models will help us interpret the results of our research: the place stratification model; the spatial assimilation model; and the ethnic community model. The expectations based on the place stratification model are that the neighborhoods of African Americans, as well as other minorities who are darker complexioned, including some Latinos, immigrants from the Caribbean and some from South Asia, will be hit the hardest by the foreclosure crisis. Following the spatial assimilation model, we expect that the neighborhoods of minorities of higher socio-economic status will be as affected as neighborhoods of whites of similar socio-economic status. Finally, the ethnic community model posits that the neighborhoods of better off minorities will be less affected than the neighborhoods of comparable whites.The project is based on a unique dataset constructed for our specific aims, with georeferenced information for all foreclosures in the United States, which will define the foreclosure patterns. To analyze them we are combining the foreclosure information with data from the 2000 Census, as well as data from the 2005 through 2008 American Community Surveys, and data from the 2000 through 2008 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act filings. The significance and the broader impact of this project are two-fold. First, we will be able to determine and examine the social characteristics of neighborhoods that have been hardest hit by the foreclosure crisis throughout the United States. Second, we will make the foreclosure maps and some of the foreclosure data available to the public through Social Explorer (www.socialexplorer.com), a popular demographics website through which visitors made more than 2.8 million maps and over 250,000 reports in the last year.