Cross-Course Collaboration in the Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum

化学系正在实施能够进行电子碰撞(EI)和化学电离(CI)模式以及能够串联质谱仪(MSMS)的气相色谱-质谱仪(GCMS)的使用。该仪器是化学中使用的重要分析工具，特别是在环境、制药和生化应用中。该仪器用于支持有机化学、无机化学和物理化学领域的实验，并影响到四门本科课程，包括课程之间的材料交换和大二有机化学和物理化学实验室之间的跨学科合作。学生将在化学反应中进行动力学同位素效应，在拜尔村民氧化中实现区域选择性，在威尔金森催化剂下选择性还原柠檬烯，在化学电离MS和串联质谱学中进行，以及在雅各布森催化剂上进行不对称环氧化反应。该仪器还用于本科生的研究项目，包括天然产物的分离和合成以及有机合成。这些项目每年涉及5-10名本科生，而与课程相关的项目每年涉及90-120名本科生。来自邻近女子学院伍兹学院的圣玛丽学院的学生也使用这种乐器，该学院没有自己的乐器。此外，来自附近学校的高中教师和学生一起参加了一个项目，该项目涉及对水果糖果和薄荷叶进行GCMS顶空分析，将其作为一种化学“嗅探器”。智力上的功绩。在课程中使用实际操作的GCMS向本科生介绍这种用于化学分析的常见分析工具，并允许学生从学习的早期就解决科学问题。针对高中生的外展计划说明了GCMS作为识别挥发性物质的工具的使用。介绍了大二有机实验室用于同位素标记分析和结构解析的GCMS实践和理论。高级有机实验室介绍了化学电离和串联质谱学的先进应用。有机化学和物理化学学生通过交换来自同位素标记和动力学同位素效应实验的材料和数据进行合作，包括由学生向每组进行陈述。在二年级的有机实验室和无机实验室之间，以及在无机实验室和高级有机实验室之间，通过课程之间传递的材料进行交流。这些互动促进了材料和数据的所有权以及课程之间的概念联系，包括出于实用目的以及回答化学问题(区域选择性/反应机制)可以分离或合成化合物的想法。这种体验的预期结果是，学生通过看到课程内容与其重要性之间的联系，更多地参与其中。此外，学生需要更多地通过实践经验做好准备，获得研究生和专业学习或工业化学职业所需的技能。更广泛的影响。这一工具的使用对新闻部和该机构的教育和研究基础设施产生了重大影响。获得现代最先进的仪器设备对系里的课程和研究培训至关重要。该系有很长的本科生研究历史，几乎所有的毕业生都参与了某种形式的本科生研究。印第安纳州立大学的少数民族学生比例在印第安纳州排名第二，服务于很大比例的女性学生。

The Department of Chemistry is implementing the use of a gas chromatograph-mass (GCMS) capable of electron impact (EI) and chemical ionization (CI) modes and capable of tandem mass spectrometry (MSMS). This instrument is an important analytical tool for use in chemistry, especially in environmental, pharmaceutical, and biochemical applications. This instrument is being used to support experiments in the fields of organic, inorganic, and physical chemistry and is impacting four undergraduate courses including materials exchange between courses and a cross-course collaboration between the sophomore organic and physical chemistry laboratories. Students are carrying out kinetic isotope effects in a chemical reaction, regioselectivity in the Bayer Villager oxidation, selective reduction of limonene with Wilkinson's Catalyst, chemical ionization MS and Tandem Mass Spectrometry, and enantioselective epoxidation using Jacobsen's catalyst. The instrument also is used in undergraduate research for projects that include natural product isolation and synthesis and organic synthesis. These projects involve 5-10 undergraduate research students per year, while the course-related projects involve 90-120 undergraduate students per year. Students from a neighboring women's college, Saint Mary of the Woods College, which does not have an instrument of its own, also use the instrument. Further, high school teachers from nearby schools participate with students in a program involving GCMS headspace analysis of fruit candy and mint leaves as a chemical "sniffer." Intellectual Merit. The use of hands-on GCMS in the curriculum introduces the undergraduate students to this common analytical tool for chemical analysis and allows students to address scientific questions from an early point in their learning. The outreach programs to high school students illustrate the use of GCMS as a tool to identify volatile substances. GCMS practice and theory is introduced in Sophomore Organic laboratory for analysis of isotopic labeling and structure elucidation. Advanced applications of chemical ionization and tandem mass spectrometry are introduced in the Advanced Organic laboratory. Organic and physical chemistry students collaborate via exchange of materials and data from isotopic labeling and kinetic isotope effect experiments including presentations by students to each group. Exchanges take place between the Sophomore Organic and the Inorganic laboratories, as well as between the Inorganic and Advanced Organic laboratories, from materials that are passed between courses. These interactions promote ownership of materials and data as well as conceptual connections between the courses, including the idea that compounds can be isolated or synthesized for pragmatic purposes, as well as for answering chemical questions (regioselectivity/reaction mechanism). The expected outcome of this experience is students who are more engaged by seeing the connections between content in their courses and its importance. Also, students are expected to be more prepared by hands on experience, obtaining needed skills for graduate and professional studies or industrial chemical careers. Broader Impacts. The use of this instrument is having a significant impact on the educational and research infrastructure of the department and the institution. Access to modern state-of-the-art instrumentation is critical to curricular and research training in the department. The department has a long history of undergraduate research and nearly all of the graduates have been involved in some form of undergraduate research. Indiana State University has the second largest percentage of minority students in Indiana and serves a large proportion of female students.