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Socio-technical ecosystems for scientific software development

科学软件开发的社会技术生态系统

基本信息

批准号：
0943168
负责人：
James Herbsleb
金额：
$ 40万
依托单位：
Carnegie-Mellon University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-11-01 至 2013-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0943168&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Socio technical ecosystems scientific software

项目摘要

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). This research examines practices of software development, co-creation and sharing in collaborative scientific research based on a sample of multiple virtual organizations using the Open Science Grid. Almost every workflow that generates scientific results involves software, from configuration and control of instruments, to statistical analysis, simulation and visualization. Creating and maintaining software is a significant activity in scientific laboratories, including science and engineering virtual organizations. Success depends upon overcoming both the challenges of collaboration and the complex coordination problems of distributed software development.A key challenge is that while science is collaborative, it is not selfless; scientists face competitive pressures throughout their careers and maintaining ongoing control over the software they write may be related to their career success. Consequently, common software development models like traditional open source projects may be less appropriate for scientific software as alternative models drawn from open software ecosystems, such as Eclipse, that support collaboration between groups that are also competitors. Without adequate understanding of the complex issues of both coordination and incentive challenges, scientific funding agencies cannot provide clear guidance on appropriate policy to promote and sustain effective software development in collaborative science.This research extends theories of architectural alignment in distributed software development and hypothesizes a central role for technical architectures in establishing the framework within which coordination, cooperation, and competition take place. In particular we hypothesize an enabling role for architectures that are appropriately aligned to support collaboration, particularly as incentives change over time. To examine existing practices and these hypotheses the research team will collect data through interviews, the Open Science Grid's software usage data, software source code and development repositories over three years. The results will build understanding of how scientists create and share their software. Such understanding will help to improve collaboration practices in scientific research as well as helping science-funding bodies support scientists through policy, guidelines and education on software development in funded scientific research.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。本研究以开放科学网格中的多个虚拟组织为例，探讨了协同科学研究中软件开发、共同创造和共享的实践。几乎每一个产生科学结果的工作流程都涉及软件，从仪器的配置和控制到统计分析，模拟和可视化。创建和维护软件是科学实验室，包括科学和工程虚拟组织的重要活动。成功取决于克服协作的挑战和分布式软件开发的复杂协调问题。一个关键的挑战是，虽然科学是协作的，但它不是无私的;科学家在整个职业生涯中都面临竞争压力，保持对他们编写的软件的持续控制可能与他们的职业成功有关。因此，像传统开源项目这样的通用软件开发模型可能不太适合科学软件，因为从开放软件生态系统（如Eclipse）中提取的替代模型支持竞争对手之间的协作。如果对协调和激励挑战的复杂问题没有足够的理解，科学资助机构就不能提供明确的指导，制定适当的政策来促进和维持协作科学中有效的软件开发。这项研究扩展了分布式软件开发中的架构对齐理论，并假设技术架构在建立协调，合作，竞争发生了。特别是，我们假设一个使能作用的架构，适当调整，以支持协作，特别是随着时间的推移，激励措施的变化。为了研究现有的实践和这些假设，研究小组将通过访谈收集数据，开放科学网格的软件使用数据，软件源代码和开发存储库超过三年。研究结果将有助于了解科学家如何创建和共享他们的软件。这种理解将有助于改进科学研究中的协作做法，并有助于科学供资机构通过关于资助科学研究中软件开发的政策、准则和教育来支持科学家。