Collaborative Research: Graptolite Biogeography, Paleo-GIS, and Evolutionary Dynamics of Early Paleozoic Zooplankton

合作研究：笔石生物地理学、古地理信息系统和早古生代浮游动物的进化动力学

• 批准号: 0958372
• 负责人: Daniel Goldman
• 金额: $ 25.53万
• 依托单位: University of Dayton
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2016-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0958372&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Graptolite; Biogeography; Paleo

Collaborative Research: Graptolite Biogeography, Paleo-GIS, and Evolutionary Dynamics of Early Paleozoic ZooplanktonDaniel Goldman, Dayton University, EAR-0958372Charles Mitchell, SUNY, Buffalo, EAR-0958308H. David Sheets, Canisius College, EAR-0957672ABSTRACTDeep-time perspectives on climatic and oceanographic change are critical for understanding the long-term controls on environmental processes. This is particularly the case for the 'tipping points' that lead to episodes of climatic extremes, events that are often associated with episodes of profound biodiversity change. The spatial and temporal distribution of planktic organisms has proven to be critical to the reconstruction of climatic and oceanographic conditions during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The oldest geological period for which there is a diverse and abundant record of zooplankton is the Ordovician, and that record is provided by graptolites. PIs objectives are to analyze the changing biogeographic distribution patterns in graptolites from the mid-Ordovician into the lower Silurian using newly developing global databases, ecological modeling, and paleo-GIS techniques. Graptolite spatial distribution patterns should help understand the relationship between ancient ocean structure, climate, and zooplankton biogeography. Strong parallels have recently been drawn between the glacial-interglacial cycles of the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian and those of the late Cenozoic. Therefore, understanding the biogeographic and biodiversity changes associated with these climatic cycles will provide insights relevant to our understanding of biotic response to recent and modern climate change. Although this study will focus on the Ordovician and Early Silurian biosphere and its interconnections, the questions PIs propose to pursue - how range area and spatial patterning of faunas affect or respond to changing environmental history and species evolutionary dynamics - are fundamental questions that biologists and paleobiologists are pursuing across our traditional disciplinary boundaries of taxon, age, and conceptual approach.

合作研究：笔石生物地理学、古地理信息系统和早古生代浮游动物的进化动力学丹尼尔·高曼，代顿大学，EAR-0958372查尔斯·米切尔，纽约州立大学，布法罗，EAR-0958308H。卡尼修斯学院的David Sheets，EAR-0957672ABSTRACT对气候和海洋变化的深入观察对于理解对环境过程的长期控制至关重要。导致极端气候事件的“临界点”尤其如此，而极端气候事件往往与生物多样性的深刻变化密切相关。浮游生物的时空分布已被证明是重建中、新生代气候和海洋条件的关键。有丰富多样浮游动物记录的最古老的地质时期是奥陶纪，这一记录是由笔石提供的。PIS的目标是利用最新发展的全球数据库、生态模拟和古地理信息系统技术，分析中奥陶世至下志留统笔石中生物地理分布模式的变化。笔石的空间分布模式应该有助于理解古代海洋结构、气候和浮游动物生物地理之间的关系。最近，人们将晚奥陶世-早志留纪的冰期-间冰期旋回与晚新生代的冰期-间冰期旋回进行了强烈的对比。因此，了解与这些气候周期相关的生物地理和生物多样性变化将为我们理解生物对现代和现代气候变化的反应提供相关的见解。尽管这项研究将集中在奥陶纪和早志留纪生物圈及其相互联系上，但PIs提出的问题--动物群的范围、面积和空间格局如何影响或响应不断变化的环境历史和物种进化动力学--是生物学家和古生物学家跨越分类单元、年龄和概念方法的传统学科界限所追求的基本问题。