Collaborative Research: Characterization of Sources and Processes of Primary and Secondary Particulate Matter (PM) and Precursor Gases in the California-Mexico Border Region

合作研究：加州-墨西哥边境地区一次和二次颗粒物 (PM) 和前体气体的来源和过程的表征

• 批准号: 1009408
• 负责人: Lynn Russell
• 金额: $ 18.11万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1009408&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Characterization; Sources; Processes

The California-Mexico border region suffers from high levels of air pollution due to a large and expanding population, industrial growth, transportation and agriculture. In this project, researchers will investigate cross-border transport of pollutants and their impacts on regional air quality and climate through the collection and analysis of field data. The observational component of the work includes ground-based measurements along the California-Mexico border region, utilizing a combination of a central fixed site that will house state-of-the-science instruments to measure gases, aerosols, radiation and meteorological parameters and a mobile laboratory that can measure surface-atmosphere exchange fluxes using eddy covariance. The study will be complemented by measurements provided by Mexican colleagues at the fixed site and several mobile units for criteria pollutants and meteorological parameters. The main scientific objectives are to (1) characterize the emissions from major sources in the California-Mexico border regions, (2) determine the spatial and temporal variability in anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and traditional air pollutants, and (3) elucidate the transport and transformation of these emissions and assess their impact on local and regional air quality and climate. A planned NOAA and California Air Resources Board study will provide additional data to aid in the analysis of these subjects.The Intellectual Merit of the project is to assess the sources and processing of particulate matter and its precursors in the border region and their effects on regional air quality and climate. The analysis tasks will much better define the interplay of emissions and secondary particle formation, the diurnal evolution of fine particulate matter chemical composition under degraded air quality conditions, atmospheric processing of aerosols, particularly soot-containing particles, and their transport and transformation. The Broader Impacts of the research include the direct involvement of graduate students and postdoctoral researchers in the tasks, and improved collaboration between U.S. and Mexican scientists and students. Results from the study will be directly presented to California and Mexican Government officials and will inform the development of air quality management strategies to reduce adverse human health, ecosystem, and climate impacts.

加州 - 墨西哥边境地区由于人口众多，工业增长，运输和农业而受到高水平的空气污染。 在该项目中，研究人员将通过收集和分析现场数据研究污染物的跨境运输及其对区域空气质量和气候的影响。 该工作的观察成分包括沿加利福尼亚 - 墨西哥边境区域沿线的基于地面的测量结果，利用中央固定地点的组合将容纳科学仪器，以测量可以使用Eddy Vovariance eDdy dydy foluxs测量地表 - 摩洛比克交换的移动实验室的气体，气溶胶，辐射和气象参数。这项研究将由墨西哥同事在固定地点提供的测量值以及标准污染物和气象参数的几个移动单位进行补充。 主要的科学目标是（1）表征加利福尼亚 - 墨西哥边境地区主要来源的排放，（2）确定温室气体和传统空气污染物的人为排放的空间和时间变化，以及（3）阐明这些排放的运输和转变，并评估其对地方和地区的质量和区域质量和环境质量和环境的影响。 一项计划中的NOAA和加利福尼亚空气资源委员会的研究将提供其他数据，以帮助分析这些主题。该项目的智力优点是评估颗粒物及其在边境地区的颗粒物及其前体的来源和处理，及其对区域空气质量和气候的影响。 分析任务将更好地定义排放和二次颗粒形成的相互作用，在降解的空气质量条件下，气溶胶的大气加工，尤其是含烟灰的颗粒的大气加工以及其运输和转换，细颗粒物质化学成分的昼夜演变。 这项研究的更广泛影响包括研究生和博士后研究人员的直接参与任务，并改善了美国和墨西哥科学家和学生之间的合作。 该研究的结果将直接提交加利福尼亚和墨西哥政府官员，并将为减少人类健康，生态系统和气候影响的空气质量管理策略的制定提供信息。