Molecular-genetic analysis of trade-offs between vegetative growth and flowering in natural populations of perennial Arabis alpina

多年生高山南芥自然种群营养生长与开花之间权衡的分子遗传学分析

• 批准号: 197749417
• 负责人: Professor Dr. George Coupland, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Plant Ecology and Evolution
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/197749417?language=en
• 关键词: Molecular; genetic; analysis; trade; offs

The life cycles of perennial plants are typically divided into phases of vegetative growth and flowering. The duration of each of these phases can be altered by genetic variation. Ecological studies predict that there are trade-offs between the different phases of the life cycle, so that the advantages of flowering and producing progeny are lowered by resulting reductions in biomass and increases in mortality. I propose to study this trade off in natural alpine populations of perennial Arabis alpina, a member of the Brassicaceae. In several populations genetic and phenotypic variation occur for the time of onset and duration of flowering. In the first phase by intensively testing the spatial distribution of phenotypic variation in one natural population at Col du Galibier / Pic Blanc and testing the progeny of wild plants in the glasshouse, we showed that early onset and extended duration of flowering is strongly asymmetric in the population and occurs mainly at lower altitudes. In the second phase I propose to use mapping populations we have already generated to identify allelic variation at genes segregating in this population and conferring differences in timing and duration of flowering. By genotyping plants growing in the natural population and measuring their longevity, we will assess whether there is a correlation between flowering behavior and mortality. To test whether this flowering trait is under local selection we will compare the distribution of flowering alleles with neutral variation across the population, test the outcrossing frequency of plants growing at different positions and perform reciprocal transplant experiments. Furthermore, environmental parameters will be measured across the population to try to correlate selective agents with phenotypic differences. To generalize the observations, similar studies were initiated in two neighbouring alpine populations and one Swedish population of Arabis alpina, and these will be extended in the second phase. This work will test the importance of variation in flowering onset and duration to local adaptation of perennial Arabis alpina.

多年生植物的生命周期通常分为营养生长和开花阶段。每个阶段的持续时间都可以通过遗传变异来改变。生态学研究预测，生命周期的不同阶段之间存在权衡，因此，开花和繁殖后代的优势因生物量减少和死亡率增加而降低。我建议研究这种权衡在自然的高山种群的多年生Arabis alpina，一个成员的拟南芥科。在几个群体中，遗传和表型变异发生在开花的开始时间和持续时间。在第一阶段，通过集中测试在一个自然群体中的表型变异的空间分布在Col du Galibier / Pic Blanc和测试的野生植物的后代在温室中，我们发现，早发和开花的持续时间是强烈的不对称的人口，主要发生在低海拔地区。在第二阶段，我建议使用映射人口，我们已经产生的，以确定等位基因变异的基因分离在这个人口中，并赋予不同的时间和持续时间的开花。通过对自然种群中生长的植物进行基因分型并测量它们的寿命，我们将评估开花行为和死亡率之间是否存在相关性。为了测试这种开花性状是否在当地选择下，我们将比较开花等位基因在整个群体中的分布，测试在不同位置生长的植物的异交频率，并进行相互移植实验。此外，将在整个群体中测量环境参数，以尝试将选择性试剂与表型差异相关联。为了推广的意见，类似的研究在两个相邻的高山种群和瑞典的Arabis alpina人口，这些将在第二阶段扩展。这项工作将测试的重要性，开花开始和持续时间的变化，以当地适应多年生Arabis alpina。