CSR: Small: Maintaining System Operation in Wireless Sensor Networks Over Long Lifetimes

CSR：小：在较长的使用寿命内维持无线传感器网络的系统运行

• 批准号: 1017363
• 负责人: John Stankovic
• 金额: $ 42.5万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1017363&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CSR; Small; Maintaining; System; Operation

Wireless sensor network technology is being considered for many real world applications that require high reliability and long lifetimes. For example, new, low cost wireless sensor networks (WSN) can be embedded into large city skyscrapers to support fire detection and reaction. Such systems must reliably detect a fire on any floor, activate alarms, notify fire stations, and announce and illuminate egress routes. These buildings are passively monitored for hazards and are largely unattended. However, such systems require high confidence in their operation and must also be able to demonstrate that they are operational on a periodic inspection basis (at a minimum). This project determines how to specify and support, at runtime, a collection of solutions that enable embedded systems to improve confidence and demonstrate application operability. The project is novel in several ways. First, it develops a requirements language that permits designers to specify, via a combination of declarative statements, invariants, and rules, the runtime assurances required for high confidence. The language addresses application semantics, the statistical nature of WSN, costs, future predictions on system performance, and monitoring needs for various mechanisms. It also permits automatic code generation. Second, a runtime assurance methodology and framework is developed that supports specific demonstrations of a system?s key functional capabilities on demand and offers a well defined set of diagnosis capabilities including data mining when the system fails to meet its assurances. Third, various runtime mechanisms are created and used in novel ways including virtual event generation and real event replay. Fourth, as a system evolves solutions for understanding the system model as applied to controller design are developed. Fifth, an implementation and evaluation in an application domain is undertaken. Broad impact of the work is possible because similar issues exist for WSN applications in industrial plants, home and assisted living health care, and transportation. A set of course modules is developed and incorporated into two current course offerings at the University of Virginia: Wireless Sensor Networks and Cyber Physical Systems. The corresponding teaching materials (slides and labs) are available for use at other Universities via the Web. The School of Engineering Office of Minority Affairs is used to match minority students with this research.

对于许多需要高可靠性和寿命长的现实世界应用，正在考虑无线传感器网络技术。例如，新的低成本无线传感器网络（WSN）可以嵌入大型城市摩天大楼中，以支持火灾检测和反应。这样的系统必须可靠地检测到任何地板上的火灾，激活警报，通知消防局，并宣布并照亮出口路线。这些建筑物被动地监控危险，并且在很大程度上无人看管。但是，这样的系统需要对其操作充满信心，还必须能够证明它们是在定期检查的基础上（至少）进行操作的。该项目确定了如何在运行时指定和支持解决方案的集合，该解决方案使嵌入式系统能够提高信心并证明应用程序可操作性。该项目在几种方面都是新颖的。首先，它开发了一种要求语言，该语言允许设计师通过声明性陈述，不变性和规则（高信任所需的运行时保证）来指定。该语言解决了应用程序语义，WSN的统计性质，成本，对系统性能的未来预测以及对各种机制的监视需求。它还允许自动代码生成。其次，开发了运行时保证方法和框架，该方法和框架支持系统的关键功能功能的特定演示，并提供一套定义明确的诊断功能集，包括当系统无法满足其保证时，包括数据挖掘。第三，以新颖的方式创建和使用各种运行时机制，包括虚拟事件生成和真实事件重播。第四，随着系统的发展解决方案，以理解应用于控制器设计的系统模型。第五，进行了应用程序领域的实施和评估。这项工作的广泛影响是可能的，因为WSN应用在工厂，家庭和辅助生活保健以及运输中存在类似的问题。开发了一组课程模块，并将其纳入弗吉尼亚大学的两个当前课程：无线传感器网络和网络物理系统。相应的教材（幻灯片和实验室）可通过网络使用。少数族裔工程办公室用于将少数民族学生与这项研究相匹配。