Collaborative Research: Oceans of Data - What is Needed to Support Students' Learning with Large Scientific Databases?

由教育发展中心（EDC）和斯克里普斯海洋学研究所（Scripps）开展的DR K-12探索项目将解决以下问题：学习研究如何为学生访问大型科学数据库所使用的界面和技术工具的设计提供信息？关于这个问题的专业知识分散在各个学科中，包括：与地质学、气候科学和生态学有关的科学教育研究；数学与统计教育研究；以及教育心理学。因此，关于如何支持大学预科学生和教师使用大型科学数据库的知识没有综合。因此，数据海洋将(1)对广泛分布的研究文献进行系统调查，(2)编写和传播一份知识状况报告，为高中科学课程访问和使用这些大型科学数据库提供指导。本报告将为三个目标受众的工作提供信息：(1)与服务学生用户有关的大型科学网络基础设施项目；(2)能够使网络基础设施数据适合大学预科学习者使用的数字接口和工具的中间开发者（如出版商、研发组织和软件开发公司）；(3)教育研究者。最直接的是，项目结果将直接应用于美国国家科学基金会资助的斯克里普斯海洋观测倡议（OOI）网络基础设施项目。开发该资源的项目设计包括对文献的多阶段审查、编码和分析。构建此工作的领域矩阵由与接口和技术工具（可视化、图形表示、统计分析工具和脚手架）相关的过程（参与、数据访问、数据查看、数据选择、数据操作和数据解释）组成。工作将在一个咨询委员会的支持下进行：上述领域的研究人员和技术开发人员、专家教师和代表目标受众的个人。顾问还将评估最终的产品，以及额外的目标最终用户骨干。数据海洋知识现状报告将呈现：文献综述结果；为学生设计有效的界面和技术工具的建议；基于通用学习设计（UDL）原则的指导方针，为不同的学生群体设计软件；并建议了未来研究的途径，以解决已确定的差距。因此，该项目将使多个学科的科学网络基础设施项目与大学预科教育建立联系。最终，学生将有前所未有的机会从网络基础设施数据中分析和得出结论，从而参与数据驱动的科学实践的新模式。

This DR K-12 Exploratory Project conducted by Education Development Center, Inc.(EDC) and The Scripps Institution of Oceanography (Scripps)will address the question: In what ways can research on learning inform the design of interfaces and technology tools to be used by students accessing large scientific data bases? Expertise about this question is scattered among a variety of disciplines, including: science education research related to geology, climate science, and ecology; mathematics and statistics education research; and educational psychology. Consequently, there is no synthesis of knowledge about how to support precollege students' and teachers' use of large scientific data bases. Oceans of Data will therefore (1) conduct a systematic survey of the widely-dispersed research literature and (2) develop and disseminate a knowledge status report, a resource offering guidance for making these large scientific data bases accessible to and usable by high school science classes. This report will inform the work of three target audiences: (1) large science cyberinfrastructure projects concerned with serving student users; (2) intermediary developers (e.g., publishers, research and development organizations, and software development companies) of digital interfaces and tools that can make cyberinfrastructure data appropriate for use by pre-college learners; and (3) education researchers. Most immediately, the project results will be applied directly to the NSF-funded Ocean Observatory Initiative (OOI) cyberinfrastructure project at Scripps. The project design for developing this resource involves a multi-stage review, coding, and analysis of the literature. The domain matrix framing this effort consists of processes (engagement, data access, data viewing, data selection, data manipulation, and data interpretation) as related to interfaces and technology tools (visualizations, graphical representation, statistical analysis tools, and scaffolds). Work will be conducted under the aegis of an advisory committee: researchers and technology developers in the above-mentioned domains, expert teachers, and individuals representing the target audiences. Advisors will also evaluate the resulting product, as will an additional cadre of targeted end-users. The Oceans of Data knowledge status report will present: the literature review results; recommendations for designing effective interfaces and technology tools for students; guidelines, based on tenets of universal design for learning (UDL) for designing software for diverse student populations; and suggested avenues for future research to address identified gaps. The project therefore will enable the bridging of science cyberinfrastructure projects in a number of disciplines with pre-college education. Ultimately, students will have unprecedented opportunities to analyze and draw conclusions from cyberinfrastructure data and, thus, to engage in new modes of data-driven science practice.