RAPID: Near-trench Deformation and Tsunami Runup from the Jan 3, 2010 Solomon Islands Earthquake
RAPID:2010 年 1 月 3 日所罗门群岛地震的近海沟变形和海啸上升
基本信息
- 批准号:1020239
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2.44万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2010-02-01 至 2011-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
On January 3, 2010 a moment magnitude, MW 7.1 earthquake occurred along a portion of the Solomon Islands, causing substantial strong shaking and triggering local landslides and a tsunami that impacted several of the islands, most notably Tetepare and Rendova. The event was likely triggered by, and occurred very near the southeastern terminus of the massive MW 8.1 earthquake of April 1, 2007, which itself caused a substantial local tsunami that devastated many coastal areas. This most recent event was unique in that it caused a notable tsunami that was identifiable on two ocean-bottom pressure sensors nearly 1000 km away, even though it was only a moderately large MW 7.1 event. Such disproportionate tsunami excitation is observed with moderately larger (MW 7.5-7.8) rare tsunami earthquakes, yet this exhibits only a modestly slow character.Two main possibilities are proposed to explain the tsunami excitation of the 2010 event: 1) The earthquake was a "partial tsunami earthquake" in that it ruptured both a fast and slow component, giving it a mostly normal energy-moment ratio (a now well established tsunami earthquake discriminant; or 2) Strong shaking from the event triggered a submarine landslide that generated the tsunami. It is likely that this event ruptured similarly to the 2007 event, with slip occurring primarily in discrete patches along the shallowest portion of the trench, much like slip observed in tsunami earthquakes. We will use the extreme proximity of coastal environments to the rupture area and trench to conduct a postseismic tsunami inundation and near-source geodetic deformation survey along the two most proximal islands to the event to identify the magnitude and distribution of both parameters. Geodetic measurements will include short-term static and kinematic GPS of uplifted and exposed coral communities and subsidence and submergence of anthropogenic structures. SAR scenes will also be evaluated for usable interferograms covering the affected islands. This information will be invaluable at assessing whether the coseismic slip alone was responsible for generating the observed tsunami, and will yield new insight into the potential for tsunami excitation from even low-magnitude 7 events occurring within the shallow trench. The tsunami run-up data will be modeled (in collaboration with researchers from NOAA) using the resultant coseismic interface slip model constrained from the combined geodetic techniques.This RAPID award was supported by the Geophysics, Marine Geology & Geophysics, and Geotechnical Engineering Programs.
2010年1月3日,所罗门群岛部分地区发生了沿着发生的7.1级地震,引发了强烈的震动,并引发了当地的山体滑坡和海啸,影响了几个岛屿,特别是泰特罗和伦多瓦。该事件可能是由2007年4月1日发生的8.1级大地震引发的,并且发生在非常靠近该地震东南端的地方,该地震本身引起了一场巨大的局部海啸,摧毁了许多沿海地区。这一最近的事件是独一无二的,因为它引起了一场值得注意的海啸,在近1000公里外的两个海底压力传感器上可以识别,尽管它只是一个中等规模的MW 7.1事件。这种不成比例的海啸激发被观察到,(MW 7.5-7.8)罕见的海啸地震,但这只表现出一个适度的缓慢的特点。提出了两个主要的可能性来解释2010年事件的海啸激发:1)这次地震是一次“部分海啸地震”,因为它同时破坏了快速和慢速分量,给它一个大部分正常的能量力矩比(一个现在已经建立的海啸地震判别;或2)强烈的震动事件引发了海底滑坡,产生了海啸。 这一事件很可能与2007年的事件类似,滑动主要发生在沿着海沟最浅部分的离散斑块中,与海啸地震中观察到的滑动非常相似。我们将利用海岸环境的破裂区和海沟的极端接近,沿着两个最近的岛屿进行震后海啸淹没和近源大地形变调查的事件,以确定这两个参数的大小和分布。大地测量将包括隆起和暴露的珊瑚群落的短期静态和动态全球定位系统以及人为结构的沉降和淹没。还将对合成孔径雷达的景象进行评估,以确定覆盖受影响岛屿的可用干涉图。这些信息将是非常宝贵的,在评估是否同震滑动单独负责产生所观察到的海啸,并将产生新的洞察力,海啸激发的潜力,即使是低7级事件发生在浅槽内。海啸上升数据将被建模(与NOAA的研究人员合作),使用合成的同震界面滑动模型,该模型受联合大地测量技术的约束。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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10.5194/wes-2020-15 - 发表时间:
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Randomized Construction of Complexes with Large Diameter
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10.1007/s00454-020-00248-2 - 发表时间:
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Andrew Newman的其他文献
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