Evolution of regulatory pathways controlling stem cell proliferation

控制干细胞增殖的调控途径的进化

• 批准号: 1020843
• 负责人: Vivian Irish
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1020843&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evolution; regulatory; pathways; controlling; stem

Vivian F. IrishIOS-1020843Evolution of regulatory pathways controlling stem cell proliferationStem cells undergo self-renewal as well as producing daughter cells that go on to differentiate into multiple cell types. Thorns represent a unique and previously unexplored opportunity to examine how stem cell proliferation is controlled in plants. Thorns arise from populations of stem cells that, instead of maintaining a stem cell fate, lose their proliferative capacity and terminally differentiate. This project will examine the underlying basis for the arrest of stem cell proliferation in thorns. The first set of goals focus on analyzing known components of the stem cell identity pathway, and determining if these pathways have been utilized during thorn development in Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) and Ulex europaeus (gorse). The second set of goals focus on using high throughput transcriptome analyses to identify novel genes required for restricting stem cell proliferation in Citrus sinensis thorns. Together, these approaches should identify new genes and processes that are critical in the transition from stem cell proliferation to differentiation. By comparing the processes controlling stem cell arrest in thorns to those regulating stem cell proliferation and arrest in other systems, the conserved, as well as divergent, pathways that control stem cell activity can be elucidated. This information will also be valuable in comparing plant stem cell regulation with the processes controlling mammalian stem cell maintenance and differentiation. In addition, this project will serve to train minority and disadvantaged undergraduate students in molecular genetics and developmental biology, thus broadening the participation of underrepresented groups in scientific research.

Vivian F. IrishIOS-1020843控制干细胞增殖的调控途径的进化干细胞进行自我更新，并产生子细胞，子细胞继续分化成多种细胞类型。荆棘代表了一个独特的和以前未开发的机会，研究如何在植物中控制干细胞增殖。刺来自于干细胞群体，而不是维持干细胞的命运，失去其增殖能力并最终分化。这个项目将研究在荆棘中阻止干细胞增殖的潜在基础。第一组目标集中于分析干细胞身份途径的已知组分，并确定这些途径是否在甜橙（甜橙子）和荆豆（金雀花）的刺发育过程中被利用。第二组目标集中于使用高通量转录组分析来鉴定限制柑橘刺中干细胞增殖所需的新基因。总之，这些方法应该确定新的基因和过程，是从干细胞增殖到分化的过渡至关重要。通过比较控制荆棘中干细胞停滞的过程与调节其他系统中干细胞增殖和停滞的过程，可以阐明控制干细胞活性的保守和不同的途径。这一信息也将是有价值的比较植物干细胞的调控与控制哺乳动物干细胞的维持和分化的过程。 此外，该项目还将对少数民族和处境不利的本科生进行分子遗传学和发育生物学方面的培训，从而扩大代表性不足的群体对科学研究的参与。