Vascular Pattern Formation in Leaves of Arabidopsis

拟南芥叶中维管束模式的形成

• 批准号: 1021188
• 负责人: Timothy Nelson
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1021188&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Vascular; Pattern; Formation; Leaves; Arabidopsis

Timothy M. NelsonIOS-1021188Vascular pattern formation in leaves of ArabidopsisThis project seeks to understand the patterning and activities of provascular (PV) cells and procambial cell (PC) files, which are successive stages in the formation of leaf vein networks. A spatial patterning role for auxin signaling and polar auxin transport (PAT) has been demonstrated recently in many developmental processes, such as the initiation of leaves and the patterning of veins. However, each case of auxin patterning relies on a distinct context - certain cells and certain pathways within them are made auxin-responsive in a manner unique to that process, at the right time and place in development. That is, there are process-specific features both upstream and downstream of auxin's role. Prior results from this project suggest that specific sterols regulate pattern formation for leaf veins. This project will use genetics, cell biology and biochemistry to test the hypothesis that specific sterol molecules provide a connection between cellular spatial information in developing leaf tissue and the PAT machinery that facilitates vein patterns. The results would reveal (1) the regulation of the PAT process by specific sterol molecules, (2) the regulation of genes for sterols and sterol-binding proteins in vein-forming regions, and (3) the identity of vein patterning genes that are affected by specific sterols. As understanding of vein patterning and differentiation increases, it will provide a means of influencing development, pathogenesis defense, and physiology (e.g., C4 photosynthesis, resource allocation, nutrient uptake, drought tolerance, etc.), all of which depend on leaf veins. This project serves as a training vehicle for students, postdoctoral scientists, and minority summer research interns. The project is a source of illustrations for the PI's teaching of biology to non-science undergraduates, many of whom have interest in working on science policy and science & society issues.

拟南芥叶片维管模式的形成本项目旨在了解前维管细胞（PV）和原形成层细胞（PC）文件的模式和活动，它们是叶脉网络形成的连续阶段。生长素信号和极性生长素运输（PAT）的空间模式作用最近在许多发育过程中得到证实，如叶片的形成和叶脉的形成。然而，生长素模式的每种情况都依赖于不同的环境——在发育的正确时间和地点，某些细胞和它们内部的某些途径以一种独特的方式对该过程产生生长素反应。也就是说，生长素作用的上游和下游都有特定的过程特征。该项目的先前结果表明，特定的甾醇调节叶脉的模式形成。该项目将利用遗传学、细胞生物学和生物化学来验证一种假设，即特定的甾醇分子在发育叶片组织的细胞空间信息和促进静脉模式的PAT机制之间提供了联系。这些结果将揭示(1)特定甾醇分子对PAT过程的调控，(2)静脉形成区甾醇和甾醇结合蛋白基因的调控，以及(3)受特定甾醇影响的静脉模式基因的身份。随着对叶脉形态和分化的了解的增加，它将为影响发育、发病防御和生理（如C4光合作用、资源分配、养分吸收、耐旱性等）提供手段，所有这些都依赖于叶脉。该项目为学生、博士后科学家和少数民族暑期研究实习生提供培训。该项目是PI向非理工科本科生教授生物学的一个插图来源，其中许多人对科学政策和科学与社会问题感兴趣。