Collaborative Research: Annual Observations of the Biological and Physical Marine Environment in the Chukchi and Nearshore Beaufort Seas near Barrow, AK

合作研究：阿拉斯加州巴罗附近楚科奇海和近岸波弗特海生物和物理海洋环境的年度观测

• 批准号: 1023331
• 负责人: Carin Ashjian
• 金额: $ 177.02万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1023331&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Annual; Observations; Biological

The Arctic Ocean ecosystem may respond dramatically to climate change through already observed modification of the physical environment (e.g., hydrography and ice cover). A better understanding of the coupled biological-physical ocean ecosystem, and its interannual variability, is necessary to predict and understand these potential impacts of climate change on the Arctic ecosystem. The Chukchi-Beaufort Sea region near Barrow, AK, including coastal waters, has been identified as key because it lies at the junction of several ocean regions and downstream of the Pacific Arctic gateway and hence is influenced physically and ecologically by input from Bering Strait. Researchers have conducted oceanographic sampling of the coupled physical and biological marine environment in the Chukchi and near-shore Beaufort Seas for five years (2005 ? 2009), including coastal waters, using boat-based surveys during late summer and short-term (month) and year-long bottom-mounted moorings, and have observed significant interannual variability. They will now establish annual surveys of the pelagic marine environment and deploy a year-round mooring in Barrow Canyon as components of the Arctic Observing Network (AON). The surveys will measure a range of biological and physical parameters including hydrography, currents, plankton standing stocks, nutrients, and plankton genetics. The mooring will measure ocean currents, near bottom temperature and salinity, and acoustic backscatter (zooplankton proxy) in Barrow Canyon at a location typically within or beneath the Alaska Coastal Current.Results from this AON component will provide a 10-year record and enable a better understanding of inter-annual variability in the physical and biological characteristics of the Barrow area ocean confluence. Based on these data, changes in biological characteristics that respond to larger climate change can be detected. This proposed AON component includes measurements of key oceanic biological and chemical parameters, and their coupling to physical parameters from a region sensitive to climate change. The researchers will actively communicate plans and results with the community of Barrow through formal and informal discussions and presentations. They will also support the participation of a teacher in fieldwork for two of the years.

北冰洋生态系统可能通过已观察到的物理环境（例如水文学和冰盖）的改变对气候变化做出巨大反应。为了预测和了解气候变化对北极生态系统的潜在影响，有必要更好地了解耦合的生物-物理海洋生态系统及其年际变化。阿拉斯加州巴罗附近的楚科奇-波弗特海地区，包括沿海水域，被认为是关键地区，因为它位于几个海洋区域的交界处和太平洋北极门户的下游，因此受到白令海峡输入的物理和生态影响。研究人员对楚科奇海和波弗特海近岸物理和生物海洋环境的耦合海洋学采样进行了五年（2005年至2009年），包括沿海水域，利用夏末的船基调查以及短期（月）和全年的底部系泊装置，并观察到显着的年际变化。他们现在将对中上层海洋环境进行年度调查，并在巴罗峡谷部署全年系泊点，作为北极观测网络（AON）的组成部分。这些调查将测量一系列生物和物理参数，包括水文学、海流、浮游生物现存量、营养物质和浮游生物遗传学。该系泊装置将测量巴罗峡谷的洋流、近海底温度和盐度以及声学反向散射（浮游动物代理），该位置通常位于阿拉斯加海岸流之内或之下。该 AON 组件的结果将提供 10 年记录，并有助于更好地了解巴罗地区海洋交汇处的物理和生物特征的年际变化。基于这些数据，可以检测到响应更大的气候变化的生物特征的变化。拟议的 AON 组件包括关键海洋生物和化学参数的测量，以及它们与气候变化敏感地区的物理参数的耦合。研究人员将通过正式和非正式的讨论和演示，积极与巴罗社区沟通计划和结果。他们还将支持一名教师参与两年的实地考察。