Sino Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus

汉藏词源词典及同义词词典

• 批准号: 1028192
• 负责人: James Matisoff
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1028192&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Sino; Tibetan; Etymological; Dictionary; Thesaurus

Sino-Tibetan (ST), comprising Chinese on the one hand and the hundreds of Tibeto-Burman (TB) languages on the other, constitutes one of the great language families of the world, with well over a billion speakers. Many languages of the family are poorly attested and endangered, and the relationships among even the better known ones remain controversial. STEDT (the Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus project) began at U.C. Berkeley in 1987 with a twofold goal: (1) to create an etymological dictionary reconstructing the meaningful spoken units of the ancestor languages at major taxonomic levels (e.g., Proto-Kuki-Chin, Proto-Lolo-Burmese, Proto-TB, Proto-ST), paying due attention to typological and phonological plausibility; and (2) to produce a semantically based historical thesaurus, classifying the reconstructed roots by meaning, and recognizing phonosemantic variation at all time depths.The backbone of STEDT research is an online MySQL database system with two main parts: (1) A lexical database containing nearly a million records of disparate types, for hundreds of languages and dialects, drawn from some 500 sources. (2) A database of reconstructed protoforms including some 3,000 roots and root variants. Distinguishing true cognates from borrowings is especially difficult in this complex linguistic area where multilingualism is pervasive. Together with work by specialists in other language families of southern China and Southeast Asia (Tai-Kadai, Hmong-Mien, Mon-Khmer, Austronesian), STEDT research is helping to decide larger questions about the interrelationships among these great families.During the first year of the new grant period, a new user-friendly browser-based query interface will be created and made available to the public. The second and third years will be devoted to the creation of an online "collaboratory", to solicit new ST comparative/historical data and findings from linguists worldwide. Visit STEDT on the web at http://stedt.berkeley.edu.

汉藏语系（ST），包括汉语和数百种藏缅语（TB），构成了世界上最大的语言家族之一，有超过10亿人使用。该家族的许多语言都没有得到很好的证明，甚至濒临灭绝，即使是更知名的语言之间的关系也仍然存在争议。STEDT（汉藏语词源词典和词库项目）始于加州大学。Berkeley在1987年提出了一个双重目标：（1）创建一个词源学词典，在主要分类层次上重建祖先语言的有意义的口语单位（例如，（2）建立一个以语义为基础的历史同义词词典，将重建的词根按意义分类，并识别所有时间深度的语音语义变化。STEDT研究的骨干是一个在线MySQL数据库系统，该系统有两个主要部分：（1）词汇数据库，包含来自约500个来源的数百种语言和方言的近100万条不同类型的记录。(2)一个重建原型的数据库，包括大约3,000个根和根变体。在这个多语言现象普遍存在的复杂语言领域，区分真正的同源词和借词尤其困难。STEDT的研究与中国南部和东南亚其他语系（Tai-Kadai，Hmong-Mien，Mon-Khmer，Austronesian）的专家一起，帮助解决这些大语系之间相互关系的更大问题。在新资助期的第一年，将创建一个新的用户友好的基于浏览器的查询界面，并向公众提供。第二年和第三年将致力于建立一个在线“合作实验室”，向世界各地的语言学家征集新的ST比较/历史数据和研究结果。请访问网站http://stedt.berkeley.edu上的STEDT。