Regulation of Flowering time by light quality

光质调节开花时间

• 批准号: 1034918
• 负责人: Scott Michaels
• 金额: $ 85万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1034918&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Regulation; Flowering; time; light; quality

Scott D. Michaels IOS 1034918Regulation of flowering time by light qualityThe proper timing of flowering is key to the reproductive success of plants. Therefore it is not surprising that flowering time is highly regulated by both environmental and internal signals. One environmental signal that can accelerate flowering is shade provided neighboring plants. Plants detect shade as a shift in the ratio of red light to far-red light. Because leaves absorb more red light than far-red light, plants growing under a canopy experience light that is enriched in far-red light. The overarching goal of this project is to determine, at the molecular level, how plants perceive and respond to far-red enriched light. The project will employ genetic, physiological, and biochemical approaches to explore the impact of light quality on the genes and proteins that regulate flowering, identify novel components required for the acceleration of flowering by far-red-enriched light, and integrate plant hormones into the pathways that regulate flowering time in response to light quality. This project will also provide training and research experiences at the undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral levels. Because many flowering time pathways are highly conserved, it is expected that the knowledge gained in this study will be broadly applicable to higher plants. The molecular circuitry elucidated by this study will facilitate the study and manipulation of light responses in agricultural plants. For example, increasing plant density is a primary avenue to increasing crop yield. Because crowded plants shade one another, however, they experience far-red enriched light that can lead to yield-reducing precocious flowering. A better understanding of plant responses to light quality will allow for the manipulation of these traits, so that plants can be grown at higher density while minimizing undesirable consequences.

Scott D. Michaels IOS 1034918通过光质调节开花时间适当的开花时间是植物繁殖成功的关键。 因此，开花时间受到环境和内部信号的高度调节并不奇怪。 一个可以加速开花的环境信号是邻近植物提供的阴影。 植物通过改变红光与远红光的比例来探测阴影。因为叶子吸收的红光比远红光多，所以在树冠下生长的植物经历的光富含远红光。 该项目的总体目标是在分子水平上确定植物如何感知和响应远红光。 该项目将采用遗传，生理和生化方法来探索光质量对调控开花的基因和蛋白质的影响，确定远红光加速开花所需的新成分，并将植物激素整合到调节开花时间的途径中以响应光质量。该项目还将提供本科生、研究生和博士后水平的培训和研究经验。由于许多开花时间途径是高度保守的，预计在这项研究中获得的知识将广泛适用于高等植物。本研究阐明的分子电路将有助于农业植物光响应的研究和操纵。例如，增加植物密度是增加作物产量的主要途径。然而，由于拥挤的植物相互遮蔽，它们经历了远红光，这可能导致产量降低的早熟开花。更好地了解植物对光质量的反应将允许操纵这些性状，以便植物可以以更高的密度生长，同时最大限度地减少不良后果。