Understanding flowering time in flax - developing early flowering varieties using genetics and epigenetics to modify gene expression

了解亚麻的开花时间 - 利用遗传学和表观遗传学修改基因表达来开发早花品种

• 批准号: 469747-2014
• 负责人: Booker, Helen
• 金额: $ 4.81万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=619076
• 关键词: Understanding; flowering; time; flax; developing

Canada is the largest producer and exporter of flax in the world. However, Canadian flax production is largely limited to the southern parts of Saskatchewan and Manitoba because there is significant risk in the northern part of the grain belt that a killing frost will occur before crop maturity. The development of earlier flowering and, consequently, earlier maturing flax would be beneficial to producers in the areas currently growing flax as well as for expanding the northern limits of flax cultivation in the Prairies. Thus, the aim of this project is to develop an understanding of the genetics, epigenetics, and gene expression patterns associated with early flowering and northern adapted traits in flax. The project will utilize recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed by the Crop Development Centre (CDC, University of Saskatchewan) and capitalize on researchfindings and knowledge generated by both the CDC and Genome Prairie's Total Utilization Flax GENomics project. The knowledge generated will be used to direct development of flax varieties suited to the northern parts of the grain belt to the direct benefit of both seed producers and the Canadian flax industry. It will also expand our understanding of how changes in methylation induced by 5-azacytidine alter gene expression and how the developmental switch from vegetative growth to flowering occurs in flax. The proposed project also represents the first case of the application of epigenetics to plant breeding.

加拿大是世界上最大的亚麻生产国和出口国。然而，加拿大的亚麻生产主要限于萨斯喀彻温省和马尼托巴省的南部地区，因为在谷物带的北方地区，在作物成熟之前会发生致命的霜冻，这是很大的风险。亚麻的早花和早熟的发展将有利于目前种植亚麻的地区的生产者，也有利于扩大大草原地区亚麻种植的北方范围。因此，本项目的目的是发展的遗传学，表观遗传学和基因表达模式与亚麻早开花和北方适应性状的理解。该项目将利用作物发展中心（CDC，萨斯喀彻温大学）开发的重组自交系（RILs），并利用CDC和Genome Prairie的Total Utilization Flax Genomics项目产生的研究成果和知识。所产生的知识将用于指导开发适合谷物带北方地区的亚麻品种，使种子生产商和加拿大亚麻产业直接受益。它也将扩大我们的理解如何在甲基化诱导的5-氮杂胞苷改变基因表达，以及如何从营养生长到开花的发展开关发生在亚麻。该项目也是表观遗传学在植物育种中应用的第一个案例。