Collaborative Research: WSC-Category 1 - Linking freshwater inputs to ecosystem functioning and services provided by a large mangrove estuary

合作研究：WSC-类别 1 - 将淡水输入与大型红树林河口提供的生态系统功能和服务联系起来

• 批准号: 1039223
• 负责人: Michael Sukop
• 金额: $ 12.42万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1039223&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; WSC; Category; Linking

Collaborative Research: WSC-Category 1 - Linking freshwater inputs toecosystem functioning and services provided by a large mangrove estuary This project links water balance and carbon budgets to Ecosystem Function and Services (EF&S) in a mangrove estuary while developing strategies for integrating this science into decision-making forums for allocating regional water resources. The study area is the largest mangrove forest in North America, which is located within Everglades National Park (ENP). The project's goals are being accomplished through two open workshops and a focused field experiment. The project leverages ongoing work by the Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research program (FCE-LTER) and other programs associated with Everglades restoration.The first open workshop is devoted to evaluating linkages between mangrove carbon and water budgets, the ecosystem services provided by the estuary, and the economic value of these services. This workshop brings together a diverse set of experts in water resources engineering, climatology, mangrove estuary hydrodynamics, carbon cycling, fish behavioral ecology, recreational fisheries, and Everglades restoration. Workshop participants identify research needed to assess changes in mangrove EF&S caused by altered freshwater discharge, sea level rise, and climate variability. Break-out sessions are focused on developing a better understanding of 1) the economic value of the ecosystem services, in part related to Carbon sequestration capacity and 2) linkages between freshwater inputs and the economic value of recreational fishing in ENP using a 30+ year record of fishing practices. The focused field experiment will investigate linkages between water and carbon cycles. In this experiment, a tracer is followed downstream through several tidal cycles. Samples from within the labeled water plume are collected to measure concentrations and Carbon-13 to Carbon-12 ratios of dissolved organic and inorganic Carbon. The chemical and isotopic composition and molecular structures of the dissolved compounds are used to differentiate between freshwater and marine carbon sources. Isotope approaches are also used to delineate fish foraging behavior along the fresh/saltwater transition zone. In this mangrove forest, eddy covariance estimates of net ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of water vapor and carbon dioxide have been made since 2004 and provide important constraints on the ecosystem water and carbon budgets. The second open workshop focuses on developing an empirical and methodological framework to assess changes in EF&S and on integrating the results into resource management and restoration cost/benefit analyses. Specific focus is placed on understanding how intangible personal or societal values may influence decision-making more than cost-benefit analyses. Thus, the second workshop has a broader scope in both participant expertise and discussion points than the first. Improved understanding of water balance and carbon budgets in tropical mangrove estuarine systems and their dependence on management, climate change, and sea level rise can help protect mangrove forests and ensure the continuation of EF&S they provide, including carbon sequestration, fisheries support, storm protection, water purification, and recreation. Tangible economic and less tangible personal or societal values placed on these services are being considered to determine the appropriate management strategies and responses to ecological stressors associated with, for example, a changing climate. Thus, this project represents a first step toward integrating a comprehensive evaluation of mangrove EF&S into the regional water resource management plan affecting the six million inhabitants and unique ecosystems of south Florida which, because of its low-lying topography and extensive coastal wetlands, faces significant risks from sea level rise. This framework can serve as a model for managing estuaries throughout the tropics, with far-ranging implications.Minority graduate students are being recruited from within Florida International University and other minority-serving institutions to participate in this study. Junior investigators are invited to participate and assume leadership roles in the workshops. Outcomes from the project are broadly disseminated through presentations at various venues, including civic and environmental organizations and government agencies.

合作研究：WSC-类别 1 - 将淡水投入与大型红树林河口提供的生态系统功能和服务联系起来 该项目将水平衡和碳预算与红树林河口的生态系统功能和服务 (EF&S) 联系起来，同时制定战略，将这一科学纳入分配区域水资源的决策论坛。研究区域是北美最大的红树林，位于大沼泽国家公园（ENP）内。该项目的目标是通过两个开放研讨会和一次重点实地实验来实现的。该项目利用了佛罗里达沿海大沼泽地长期生态研究计划（FCE-LTER）和其他与大沼泽地恢复相关的计划正在进行的工作。第一个开放研讨会致力于评估红树林碳和水预算、河口提供的生态系统服务以及这些服务的经济价值之间的联系。该研讨会汇集了水资源工程、气候学、红树林河口流体动力学、碳循环、鱼类行为生态学、休闲渔业和大沼泽地恢复等领域的多位专家。研讨会参与者确定了评估淡水排放量变化、海平面上升和气候变化引起的红树林 EF&S 变化所需的研究。分组会议的重点是更好地了解 1) 生态系统服务的经济价值，部分与碳封存能力相关；2) 淡水投入与 ENP 中利用 30 多年捕捞实践记录的休闲捕捞经济价值之间的联系。重点实地实验将研究水和碳循环之间的联系。在这个实验中，示踪剂在几个潮汐周期中跟随下游。从标记的水羽流中收集样本，以测量溶解的有机碳和无机碳的浓度以及碳 13 与碳 12 的比率。溶解化合物的化学和同位素组成以及分子结构用于区分淡水和海洋碳源。同位素方法还用于描绘淡水/咸水过渡区的鱼类觅食行为。在这片红树林中，自 2004 年以来一直对水蒸气和二氧化碳的生态系统-大气净交换进行涡度协方差估计，并对生态系统的水和碳预算提供了重要的约束。第二次开放研讨会的重点是开发一个实证和方法框架来评估 EF&S 的变化，并将结果整合到资源管理和恢复成本/效益分析中。具体重点是理解无形的个人或社会价值观如何比成本效益分析更能影响决策。因此，第二次研讨会在参与者的专业知识和讨论点方面比第一次研讨会具有更广泛的范围。更好地了解热带红树林河口系统的水平衡和碳预算及其对管理、气候变化和海平面上升的依赖，有助于保护红树林并确保其提供的生态和社会的持续性，包括碳固存、渔业支持、风暴防护、水净化和娱乐。正在考虑赋予这些服务的有形经济价值和不太有形的个人或社会价值，以确定适当的管理策略和对与气候变化等相关的生态压力源的反应。因此，该项目代表着将红树林 EF&S 综合评估纳入影响南佛罗里达州 600 万居民和独特生态系统的区域水资源管理计划的第一步。南佛罗里达州由于地势低洼和广阔的沿海湿地，面临着海平面上升的重大风险。该框架可以作为管理整个热带地区河口的模型，具有深远的影响。佛罗里达国际大学和其他少数族裔服务机构正在招募少数族裔研究生来参与这项研究。初级研究人员被邀请参加研讨会并在研讨会中担任领导角色。该项目的成果通过在各种场所（包括民间和环境组织以及政府机构）的演示而得到广泛传播。