RAPID: Assessing the impact of chemical dispersents on the microbial biodegradation of oil immediately following a massive spill

RAPID:在大规模泄漏后立即评估化学分散剂对石油微生物生物降解的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1042097
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 12万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2010-06-01 至 2012-05-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The massive release of oil from the Deepwater Horizon incident has led to an unprecedented use of oil dispersants, which include a mix of surfactant compounds designed to dissolve oil and prevent slick formation. Previous research has shown mixed effects of surfactants on biodegradation and little is known about their effects on the ability of microbial communities to degrade the many hydrocarbon compounds found in crude oil. Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria differ in their substrate preferences, as well as in their response to surfactants, which will play an important role in determining the rate and extent of biodegradation. With funding from this Grant for rapid Response Research (RAPID), researchers at the University of California at Santa Barbara will use a combination of chemical and biological tools to track changes in the composition of the oil, changes in the microbial community, and the amount of surfactant present, in order to determine the impact of these dispersants on biodegradation. Oil quantification and composition will be determined by gas chromatography, including the use of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography. Microbial community changes will be determined by analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and functional genes for hydrocarbon oxidation, and specific members of the community will be quantified with quantitative real time PCR. Surfactants will be identified and quantified with LC-MS or other techniques. Initial sampling will be shore based, with deep water and sediment sampling planned as conditions allow. The opportunity to sample in the early stages of response to this spill will provide important baseline information and enable longer term studies on the fate of oil and dispersants in the Gulf of Mexico. Broader impacts of this proposal include the involvement of an undergraduate researcher and a postdoctoral researcher, as well as collaboration with the popular news media to educate members of the public on the effects of dispersants and the fate of oil from this spill.
“深水地平线”事件的大量石油泄漏导致了石油分散剂的空前使用,其中包括旨在溶解石油和防止浮油形成的表面活性剂化合物的混合物。以前的研究表明,表面活性剂对生物降解的影响是混合的,但对它们对微生物群落降解原油中发现的许多烃类化合物的能力的影响知之甚少。碳氢化合物降解菌在其底物偏好以及对表面活性剂的反应方面存在差异,这将在确定生物降解速率和程度方面发挥重要作用。在快速反应研究(RAPID)的资助下,位于圣巴巴拉的加州大学的研究人员将使用化学和生物工具的组合来跟踪石油成分的变化,微生物群落的变化以及表面活性剂的存在量,以确定这些分散剂对生物降解的影响。将通过气相色谱法,包括使用全面的二维气相色谱法,确定石油的数量和组成。微生物群落变化将通过分析16 S rRNA基因和烃氧化功能基因来确定,群落的特定成员将通过定量真实的时间PCR来定量。将采用LC-MS或其他技术对表面活性剂进行鉴别和定量。初步取样将在海岸进行,并计划在条件允许时进行深水和沉积物取样。有机会在应对此次泄漏的早期阶段进行采样,将提供重要的基线信息,并能够对墨西哥湾的石油和分散剂的命运进行长期研究。这一建议的更广泛影响包括一名本科生研究员和一名博士后研究员的参与,以及与大众新闻媒体合作,教育公众了解分散剂的影响和这次泄漏的石油的命运。

项目成果

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David Valentine其他文献

Le projet QDMTL : modéliser les quartiers disparus de Montréal avec des données ouvertes et liées
QDMTL 项目:蒙特利尔不同地区的模型设计
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    David Valentine;D. Forest
  • 通讯作者:
    D. Forest

David Valentine的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('David Valentine', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: Do benthic feedbacks couple sulfur, nitrogen and carbon biogeochemistry during transient deoxygenation?
合作研究:在短暂脱氧过程中,底栖反馈是否会耦合硫、氮和碳生物地球化学?
  • 批准号:
    1830033
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RAPID: Biogeochemical effects of fire ash deposition to the coastal ocean, in response to the 2017 Southern California fires
RAPID:响应 2017 年南加州火灾,火灰沉积对沿海海洋的生物地球化学影响
  • 批准号:
    1821916
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Chemical and microbiological studies of water-soluble alkanes in the ocean
合作研究:海洋中水溶性烷烃的化学和微生物研究
  • 批准号:
    1756947
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Do Cyanobacteria Drive Marine Hydrocarbon Biogeochemistry?
合作研究:蓝藻是否驱动海洋碳氢化合物生物地球化学?
  • 批准号:
    1635562
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Oxygenation of Hydrocarbons in the Ocean
合作研究:海洋中碳氢化合物的氧化
  • 批准号:
    1333162
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Development and Application of a Radiotracer Rate Method for Ethane and Propane Consumption
乙烷和丙烷消耗放射性示踪率方法的开发和应用
  • 批准号:
    1155855
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
New Space: Developing New Methodologies for Research on the Future
新空间:开发未来研究新方法
  • 批准号:
    1127070
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Dimensions: The Role of Viruses in Structuring Biodiversity in Methanotrophic Marine Ecosystems
维度:病毒在构建甲烷营养海洋生态系统生物多样性中的作用
  • 批准号:
    1046144
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Experimental determination of petroleum biodegradation patterns from a genomically-informed analytical vista
合作研究:从基因组学分析角度实验确定石油生物降解模式
  • 批准号:
    0950600
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
MRI RAPID: Acquisition of two cavity ringdown spectrometers to quantify hydrocarbon conversion in deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico
MRI RAPID:购买两个腔衰荡光谱仪来量化墨西哥湾深水中的碳氢化合物转化
  • 批准号:
    1057736
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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博士后奖学金:EAR-PF:评估热带泥炭地恢复对气候的净影响:甲烷的作用
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