Trafficking and Sequestration of Anthocyanins

花青素的贩运和封存

• 批准号: 1048847
• 负责人: Erich Grotewold
• 金额: $ 86.88万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1048847&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Trafficking; Sequestration; Anthocyanins

Intellectual MeritIn contrast to the extensive knowledge available on plant metabolism, very little is known on how plants transport often toxic or highly reactive chemicals from their site of synthesis to where they are ultimately stored. Proper trafficking and storage of plant compounds (phytochemicals) is often a bottleneck in efforts aimed at the rationale engineering of plant metabolism. Thus, understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in phytochemical trafficking is of the utmost significance. The formation of anthocyanin pigments in Arabidopsis provides an outstanding system to investigate how phytochemicals are transported and sequestered inside plant cells. This research is geared by the hypothesis that anthocyanins first accumulate inside the endoplasmic reticulum, and that vesicles derived from this organelle transport these chemicals to the vacuole, where upon uptake, localize in sub-vacuolar structures.This project will first investigate the localization of anthocyanin biosynthetic enzymes and putative anthocyanin transporters on the endoplasmic reticulum. Then, the sub-vacuolar structures that accumulate anthocyanins will be characterized from the perspective of the proteins and anthocyanins that are part of them. Finally, using a combination of cellular markers and various genetic tools, the pathways by which anthocyanins move from the endoplasmic reticulum to the vacuole will be determined. Together, these studies will provide fundamental insights on the mechanisms used by plants to move phytochemicals within cells.Broader ImpactsThis is an interdisciplinary proposal that uniquely integrates cell biology and biochemistry to address the fundamental biological problem of how plants manage the sub-cellular trafficking of phytochemicals. The implications derived from the studies proposed here are likely to have far-reaching consequences, providing insights into the formation of new cellular structures and impacting strategies for plant metabolic engineering. This could result in significant societal benefits, for example, benefiting the development of biofuel crops and improving the nutritional value of plant products. Beyond the standard classroom teaching and lab personnel training in which both PIs are actively involved, this project integrates research and educational training for students and postdocs in a singular way at the cutting-edge interface between chemistry and biology. By organizing workshops and conferences, such as the Gordon Kenan Graduate Research Seminars and the Gordon Conference in Plant Metabolic Engineering, the PIs have significantly bridged education and research, activities that will be continued during the duration of this project.

知识优势与植物代谢方面的广泛知识相比，人们对植物如何将有毒或高活性化学物质从合成地点运输到最终储存地点的了解甚少。植物化合物（植物化学物质）的适当运输和储存往往是植物代谢合理工程的瓶颈。因此，了解植物化学物质运输的细胞和分子机制具有极其重要的意义。拟南芥花青苷色素的形成为研究植物化学物质在细胞内的运输和隔离提供了一个很好的系统。本研究假设花青素首先在内质网中积累，然后由内质网产生的囊泡将花青素转运到液泡中，并在液泡中被吸收后定位于亚液泡结构中。本项目将首先研究花青素生物合成酶和花青素转运蛋白在内质网中的定位。然后，积累花青素的亚液泡结构将从蛋白质和花青素的角度来表征。最后，利用细胞标记物和各种遗传工具的组合，花青素从内质网移动到液泡的途径将被确定。总之，这些研究将提供基本的见解，植物所使用的机制，移动cells.Broader ImpactsThis植物化学物质是一个跨学科的建议，独特的整合细胞生物学和生物化学，以解决植物如何管理的亚细胞运输的植物化学物质的基本生物学问题。从这里提出的研究中得出的影响可能会产生深远的影响，为新的细胞结构的形成提供见解，并影响植物代谢工程的策略。这可能带来重大的社会效益，例如，有利于生物燃料作物的发展和提高植物产品的营养价值。除了两个PI积极参与的标准课堂教学和实验室人员培训外，该项目还以独特的方式在化学和生物学之间的尖端界面上为学生和博士后整合了研究和教育培训。通过组织研讨会和会议，如戈登·凯南研究生研究研讨会和戈登植物代谢工程会议，PI在教育和研究之间架起了重要的桥梁，这些活动将在本项目期间继续进行。