RAPID: Manipulating plant and microbial resource environment to optimize oil degradation in coastal marshes

RAPID：操纵植物和微生物资源环境以优化沿海沼泽的石油降解

• 批准号: 1048867
• 负责人: Jonathan Langley
• 金额: $ 11.65万
• 依托单位: Villanova University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1048867&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Manipulating; plant; microbial; resource

In light of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, the National Science Foundation (NSF) highlighted the Rapid Response Research (RAPID) mechanism (Dear Colleague Letter NSF 10-060) as quick-response research on natural or anthropogenic disasters and similar unanticipated events. In this RAPID project, the PIs will study the role of salt marsh plants and nitrogen inputs in the decomposition of simple vs. recalcitrant forms of carbon in association with the Deepwater Horizon oil-spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Recent studies have demonstrated that, contrary to expectations, nitrogen (N) inputs will not stimulate decomposition of recalcitrant carbon stored in salt marsh peat soil, and they may actually reduce it. However, the same is not true for sugars and other more simple forms of carbon. Given the potential input of a significant amount of complex hydrocarbons from the oil-spill into coastal salt marsh habitat in the Gulf, it will be important to be able to predict the effects of plants and of N inputs on rates of oil hydrocarbon decomposition and ecosystem function in these fragile habitats. Given the urgent situation facing Gulf area wetlands and the capacity to increase marsh exposure to nutrient-rich waters, results of this study could be critical for exploring oil spill mitigation options expeditiously. If nitrogen amendments to coastal wetlands increase the processing of crude oil, such management techniques may be implemented more rapidly and with greater precision. To disseminate findings among scientists and managers, the PIs will organize a workshop at the Society of Wetland Scientists (SWS) annual meeting, as well as make data available on the SWS website. Further, the PIs will involve undergraduate researchers and students in the greenhouse study at Villanova University through research funds and an existing Global Change Ecology course.

鉴于墨西哥湾深水地平线漏油事件，美国国家科学基金会(NSF)强调快速反应研究(RAPID)机制(尊敬的同事来信NSF 10-060)是对自然灾害或人为灾难及类似意外事件的快速反应研究。在这个快速项目中，PI将研究盐沼植物和氮输入在分解与墨西哥湾深水地平线漏油相关的简单形式和顽固形式的碳方面所起的作用。最近的研究表明，与预期相反，氮(N)输入不会刺激储存在盐沼泥炭土壤中的顽固性碳的分解，实际上它们可能会减少它。然而，糖和其他更简单的碳形式就不是这样了。鉴于漏油事件可能将大量复杂碳氢化合物输入墨西哥湾沿海盐沼生境，因此，重要的是能够预测植物和氮输入对这些脆弱生境中石油碳氢化合物分解速率和生态系统功能的影响。鉴于海湾地区湿地面临的紧急情况，以及增加沼泽暴露在营养丰富水域的能力，这项研究的结果可能对迅速探索石油泄漏缓解方案至关重要。如果沿海湿地的氮素改良剂增加了原油的加工，这种管理技术可能会更快、更精确地实施。为向科学家和管理人员传播研究结果，湿地科学家协会将在年会上组织一次研讨会，并在湿地科学家协会的网站上提供数据。此外，PI将通过研究基金和现有的全球变化生态学课程，让维拉诺瓦大学的本科生研究人员和学生参与温室研究。

项目成果

Marsh plants mediate the influence of nitrogen fertilization on degradation of oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill

沼泽植物调节氮肥对深水地平线泄漏石油降解的影响

• DOI: 10.1890/es14-00343.1
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Ecosphere
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Langley, J. Adam;White, Helen K.;Palanivel, Reena U.;III, Thomas Shannon;Chapman, Samantha K.
• 通讯作者: Chapman, Samantha K.