Electronic Dictionary of American Regional English: Infrastructure for the Study of Linguistic Variation

美国地方英语电子词典：语言变异研究的基础设施

• 批准号: 1051867
• 负责人: Joan Hall
• 金额: $ 25.38万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2015-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1051867&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Electronic; Dictionary; American; Regional; English

Language inevitably changes with the passage of time; there are thousands of words, phrases, and pronunciations that vary from one part of our country to another. The Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), published in five volumes by Harvard University Press, 1985-2012, shows the history of regional words in American English, including their chronological range and geographic and social distributions. This language resource has been widely used by teachers, linguists, librarians, lexicographers, and historians. DARE dialect materials have proved useful to forensic linguists (who identify suspects based on their use of regional words); to physicians (who need to understand folk terms used by their patients); to psychiatrists (who use standardized vocabulary tests that often fail to recognize regional variation); and to journalists, researchers, dialect coaches, and playwrights.With partial support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Joan Houston Hall and the staff of DARE will produce an electronic version of this language resource, while adding new resources such as contrastive maps and audio recordings. eDARE will make available resources that have not previously been accessible, allow users to search the dictionary in innovative ways not possible with the print version, and make regular updates more practical. A volume of supplementary materials will be published, including 1) contrastive maps showing, for example, the geographic regions where various terms are used; 2) an index of the regional, usage, and etymological labels used in the five volumes of text; 3) lists of all the responses to 317 of the questions asked in the 1965-70 fieldwork project. Audio samples from DARE's original fieldwork recordings will be made available on two web sites. By creating a fully searchable database, this project contributes to the infrastructure of American dialectology, lexicography and sociolinguistics.

随着时间的推移，语言不可避免地发生变化;有成千上万的单词，短语和发音，从我们国家的一个地方到另一个地方都有所不同。《美国地区英语词典》（DARE）由哈佛大学出版社出版，共五卷，1985-2012年，展示了美国英语中地区词汇的历史，包括它们的时间范围以及地理和社会分布。这一语言资源已被教师、语言学家、图书馆员、词典编纂者和历史学家广泛使用。DARE方言材料被证明对法律语言学家有用（根据嫌疑人使用的区域词汇识别嫌疑人）;医生（他们需要理解患者使用的民间术语）;精神病学家（他们使用标准化的词汇测试，往往无法识别区域差异）;以及记者、研究人员、方言教练和剧作家。在国家科学基金会的部分支持下，琼·休斯顿·霍尔博士和DARE的工作人员将制作这一语言资源的电子版本，同时增加对比地图和录音等新资源。 eDARE将提供以前无法获取的资源，允许用户以印刷版无法实现的创新方式搜索词典，并使定期更新更加实用。 将出版一卷补充材料，包括：1）对比地图，显示使用各种术语的地理区域; 2）五卷文本中使用的区域，用法和词源标签的索引; 3）对1965- 1970年实地调查项目中提出的317个问题的所有答复清单。 来自DARE原始现场录音的音频样本将在两个网站上提供。通过创建一个完全可搜索的数据库，该项目有助于美国方言学，词典学和社会语言学的基础设施。