Doctoral Dissertation Research: Ecomorphological Implications of Primate Dietary Variability: An Experimental Model

博士论文研究：灵长类动物饮食变化的生态形态学意义：实验模型

• 批准号: 1061368
• 负责人: Matthew Ravosa
• 金额: $ 1.57万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-15 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1061368&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Ecomorphological; Implications

This research develops a model of primate skull growth in a well-established experimental species (rats) that mimics temporal fluctuations in environmental resources. Novel integrative analyses involving imaging, morphological metrics, histology, and serology typify the skeletal morphology and physiology associated with postnatal variation in dietary properties and feeding behavior. The multidisciplinary nature of this study provides a number of unique opportunities to develop collaborations between research and medical facilities, and to promote student training. Results will be disseminated at scientific and public forums, and will have broader implications for human craniofacial health as it relates to diet and numerous disorders affecting oral utility.The evolution and function of the human skull is intimately related to the mechanical demands imposed by food items. Throughout primate and human evolution, these dietary resources have often been seasonal, resulting in the cyclical consumption of difficult-to-process "fallback foods." This dietary seasonality has often been invoked in ecological interpretations of fossil human ancestors and relatives, such as Paranthropus. However, despite the temporal and spatial complexity of primate diets, there is little work related to the impact of seasonality in dietary properties on craniofacial development. This greatly hinders our understanding of primate ecology and evolution as well as the influence of feeding behaviors for bone biology and human craniofacial health. To address this significant gap, this research uses rats to test how changing dietary resources across time are affected by fallback foods in underlying skeletal development of the face. The research will use a variety of imaging techniques to examine differences between those animals that are fed fallback foods and those that are not. Such modern methods bridge the gap between laboratory- and field-based analyses of skeletal growth in primates. A longitudinal approach will elucidate the effect of behavioral variation on craniofacial morphology and physiology across the entire growth period, providing insight into skull development at multiple organismal levels. A more complete understanding of the way environment impacts organismal form will shed light on the association between skeletal biology and dietary variability,

这项研究在一个成熟的实验物种（大鼠）中建立了一个灵长类动物头骨生长的模型，该模型模拟了环境资源的时间波动。新的综合分析，包括成像，形态指标，组织学和血清学典型的骨骼形态和生理与出生后的饮食特性和喂养行为的变化。这项研究的多学科性质提供了一些独特的机会，以发展研究和医疗设施之间的合作，并促进学生的培训。结果将在科学和公共论坛上传播，并将对人类颅面健康产生更广泛的影响，因为它涉及到饮食和影响口服utility.The人类头骨的进化和功能是密切相关的机械需求所施加的食品。在灵长类动物和人类的进化过程中，这些食物资源往往是季节性的，导致了难以加工的“后备食物”的周期性消费。“这种饮食季节性经常被引用在对化石人类祖先和亲属的生态解释中，如傍人。然而，尽管灵长类动物饮食的时间和空间的复杂性，有很少的工作相关的饮食特性的季节性对颅面发育的影响。这极大地阻碍了我们对灵长类生态学和进化的理解，以及摄食行为对骨生物学和人类颅面健康的影响。为了解决这一重大差距，这项研究使用大鼠来测试随着时间的推移，饮食资源的变化如何受到面部骨骼发育中的后备食物的影响。 这项研究将使用各种成像技术来检查那些被喂食后备食物的动物和那些没有被喂食的动物之间的差异。这些现代方法弥补了灵长类动物骨骼生长的实验室分析和实地分析之间的差距。纵向的方法将阐明整个生长期的行为变化对颅面形态和生理的影响，在多个有机体水平上提供对颅骨发育的洞察。对环境影响有机体形态的方式有了更全面的了解，将有助于了解骨骼生物学和饮食变异性之间的联系，