Collaborative Research: Dynamical Processes in Semiconductor Nanowires in the Quantum Regime

* 技术摘要 * 半导体纳米线最近已经成为一类新的材料，具有促进基础物理学理解和器件物理学新应用的巨大潜力。该研究项目将汇集最先进的半导体纳米线生长，这些结构的建模以及独特的激发光谱方面的专业知识，以促进对直径处于量子状态的半导体纳米线的动态特性的理解。 该项目将：支持独特的径向和轴向纳米线异质结构的设计和生长;开发用于测量量子态及其相互作用的新光学工具;利用这些新工具研究量子区域中的纳米线异质结构;采用高度局部化的电场来操纵和探测纳米线异质结构中的电子态;进行光学和传输测量;并探索这些纳米线异质结构中的自旋动力学。 通过设计，生长和探测纳米线的径向和轴向异质结构的长度尺度从5 nm - 50 nm，我们将有机会在这些材料中的真正的量子制度。 研究生和本科生都将接受这些最先进技术的培训，这些技术为学术界的研究和教育以及技术最先进行业的应用开发研究等职业做好了充分的准备。 这项研究的总体目标是在量子机制中推进对半导体纳米线中动力学过程的理解。非技术摘要 * 半导体纳米线最近已经成为一类新的材料，具有显著的潜力，为基础物理学的理解和新的应用在设备物理学的进步。该项目的研究将汇集最先进的半导体纳米线生长，这些结构的建模以及实验工作的专业知识，这些实验工作将促进对直径小于50 nm（人类头发直径的1/1000）的半导体纳米线的理解，在这个范围内，材料本身与电子波长的大小相当。当合成材料可以被设计成控制电子波函数时，人们期待着显着的现象和新的技术机会。 这些状态可以通过使用高度局部化的电场、磁场和利用独特的纳米线异质结构使用光学和传输测量来探测。 这项研究将特别针对这些材料中的自旋效应，这些材料可以实现新物理和新技术。 研究生和本科生将接受最先进的光学和电子技术的培训，以观察单个纳米线。 这种培训是从学术界的研究和教学到技术最先进行业的应用开发的职业生涯的良好准备。 本研究的总体目标是在量子机制下推进对半导体纳米线中动力学过程的理解

****Technical Abstract****Semiconductor nanowires have recently emerged as a new class of materials with significant potential for the advancement of understanding of fundamental physics and for new applications in device physics. This research project will bring together expertise in state-of-the-art semiconductor nanowire growth, in modeling of these structures, and in unique excitation spectroscopies in order to advance the understanding of dynamical properties of semiconductor nanowires whose diameters are in the quantum regime. This project will: support the design and growth of unique radial and axial nanowire heterostructures; develop new optical tools for measurement of quantum states and their interactions; investigate nanowire heterostructures in the quantum regime utilizing these new tools; employ highly localized electric fields to manipulate and probe the electronic states in the nanowire heterostructures; carry out both optical and transport measurements; and explore spin dynamics in these nanowire heterostructures. By designing, growing, and probing nanowire radial and axial heterostructures with length scales from 5 nm - 50 nm, we will have access to the truly quantum regime in these materials. Both graduate and undergraduate students will be trained in these state-of-the-art techniques, which are an excellent preparation for careers ranging from research and education in academia, to applied development research in the most technologically advanced industries. The overall goal of this research is to advance the understanding of dynamical processes in semiconductor nanowires in the quantum regime.****Non-Technical Abstract****Semiconductor nanowires have recently emerged as a new class of materials with significant potential for the advancement of understanding of fundamental physics and for new applications in device physics. The research in this project will bring together expertise in state-of-the-art semiconductor nanowire growth, in modeling of these structures, and in experimental efforts that will advance the understanding of semiconductor nanowires whose diameters are less than 50 nm (1/1000 of the diameter of a human hair), a range where the materials themselves are comparable to the size of the wavelength of electrons. Remarkable phenomena and new technological opportunities are expected when synthetic materials can be designed so as to control the electron wavefunctions. These states can be probed using both optical and transport measurements by using highly localized electric fields, magnetic fields, and utilizing unique nanowire heterostructures. This research will be particularly directed towards the effect of spins in these materials where both new physics and new technologies may be enabled. Graduate and undergraduate students will be trained in state-of-the-art optical and electronic techniques for looking at single nanowires. Such training is excellent preparation for careers from research and teaching in academia to applied development in the most technologically advanced industries. The overall goal of this research is to advance the understanding of dynamical processes in semiconductor nanowires in the quantum regime