Materials World Network: Collaborative Research: Exploring Reduced-Dimensional Behavior of Excitations in Tailored Semiconductor Nanowire Heterostructures

半导体纳米线已经成为一种新的材料，具有揭示新的基础物理和推动新的应用的巨大潜力。这个国际合作研究项目汇集了来自美国（辛辛那提大学和迈阿密大学）和澳大利亚（澳大利亚国立大学和昆士兰州大学）的研究团队，他们在最先进的半导体纳米线异质结构生长，高分辨率电子显微镜和高分辨率光学光谱学方面具有专业知识，以促进对这些独特纳米结构的电子景观的理解。 总体目标是了解纳米线异质结构如何影响电子态及其相互作用的物理。该团队的协同合作研究将探索三个重要的研究方向：（1）实现III-V纳米线和径向，轴向和混合纳米线异质结构的高质量生长（2）理解这些新型纳米线异质结构的物理特性（3）测量和理解这些结构的p型和n型掺杂。 这些研究预计将推进量子限制在定制的径向和轴向异质结构的性质的理解，量子限制如何影响本地化和连续电子态和它们的耦合，自旋，散射机制与其他基本激发纳米线，以及与外部电场和磁场的相互作用。这项研究将直接涉及研究生、博士后和本科生在国际环境中多学科领域的互动和培养。这项研究的所有参与者都将参与一年一度的“周六国际纳米科学与工程日”，该日面向地区中学生，潜在的年轻科学家和工程师可以在令人兴奋的动手环境中探索纳米科学。对纳米线异质结构的0维和1维物理学的基本理解的发展将具有强大的社会效益，影响了光电器件技术的新进展，并最终使传感器和其他紧凑器件的新品种成为可能。这个项目也将培养我们的民族？在纳米科学和工程的关键领域的未来劳动力。研究生和本科生以及博士后研究员接触国际跨学科科学环境将加深他们对所涉科学的理解，并对国际合作的挑战和有效性提出更复杂的观点，21世纪纳米科学研究成功的标志。这个材料世界网络奖使一个连贯的综合研究和教育努力成为可能，在美国和澳大利亚的四所大学，关于半导体纳米线的生长和表征以及对其电子态物理的理解。 该奖项由数学和物理科学理事会材料研究部和国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。

Semiconductor nanowires have emerged as a new class of materials with significant potential to reveal new fundamental physics and to propel new applications. This international collaborative research project brings together research teams from USA (University of Cincinnati, and Miami University) and Australia (Australian National University and University of Queensland) with expertise in state-of-the-art semiconductor nanowire heterostructure growth, high resolution electron microscopy, and high resolution optical spectroscopy, to advance the understanding of the electronic landscapes of these unique nanostructures. The overall goal is to understand how nanowire heterostructures affect the physics of electronic states and their interactions. The synergistic, collaborative research of this team will explore three significant research thrusts: (1) Achieving high quality growth of III-V nanowires and radial, axial and hybrid nanowire heterostructures (2) Understanding the physics of these novel nanowire heterostructures (3) Measuring and understanding p- and n- type doping of these structures. These studies are expected to advance the understanding of the nature of quantum confinement in tailored radial and axial heterostructures, how quantum confinement affects the localized and continuum electronic states and their coupling, spins, scattering mechanisms with other elementary excitations in nanowires, as well as interactions with external electric and magnetic fields. This research will directly involve the interaction among and the training of graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and undergraduate students in multi-disciplinary area in an international setting. All participants in this research will be involved in an annual "Saturday International Nano Science and Engineering Day" for area middle school students where potential young scientists and engineers can explore nanoscience in an exciting hands-on environment.The development of a fundamental understanding of the 0- and 1-dimensional physics of nanowire heterostructures will have strong societal benefits, influencing the development of new thrusts in optoelectronic device technology and ultimately making possible new varieties of sensors and other compact devices. This project will also train our nation?s future workforce in the critical areas of nanoscience and engineering. The exposure of graduate and undergraduate students, as well as postdoctoral fellows, to an international interdisciplinary scientific environment will deepen their understanding of the science involved and inform a more sophisticated perspective on the challenges and effectiveness of international collaboration, a signature of successful 21st research in nanoscience.This Materials World Network award makes possible a coherent integrated research and education effort among four universities in the US and Australia, on the growth and characterization of semiconductor nanowires as well as the understanding of the physics of their electronic states. This award is jointly funded by the Division of Materials Research in the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Directorate and the Office of International Science and Engineering.