Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation of Fruit Development

果实发育的转录和转录后调控

• 批准号: 1121055
• 负责人: Martin Yanofsky
• 金额: $ 87.88万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1121055&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Transcriptional; Post; transcriptional; Regulation; Fruit

Fruits play a central role in agriculture since they are the harvested product for many crop species. A detailed understanding of the major genes that control fruit development is likely to lead to important agricultural applications that will dramatically increase crop yield, such as increasing the number of seeds per fruit, enlarging the fruit, allowing fruit growth in the absence of fertilization, and controlling seed loss and dispersal. Arabidopsis has become the model organism of choice for plant biologists worldwide, and our previous studies identified the major genes that control fruit development in Arabidopsis. Recently, a new type of gene, microRNAs have been shown to have a major impact on the regulation of gene activity in plants and animals. These microRNA genes have not previously been studied in terms of their roles during fruit development. Our proposal aims to uncover the critical roles that these microRNA genes play in the control of fruit development. The project will provide advanced training for a postdoctoral scholar and undergraduate researchers will also be directly involved. The project will participate in an ongoing program with the vision of increasing the number of under represented groups at every level of the scientific enterprise. Throughout the project, fellowships will allow students from diverse San Diego and Los Angeles high schools to participate in intensive and extended programs aimed at recruiting them to science careers and aiding in retention. Thus, the project will impact human resource development, understanding of central problems in plant science and will also be applicable to a wide range of agricultural applications.

水果在农业中起着核心作用，因为它们是许多作物品种的收获产品。对控制果实发育的主要基因的详细了解可能会导致重要的农业应用，这将大大提高作物产量，例如增加每个果实的种子数量，扩大果实，在没有施肥的情况下允许果实生长，以及控制种子损失和传播。拟南芥已成为世界范围内植物生物学家选择的模式生物，我们以前的研究确定了控制拟南芥果实发育的主要基因。最近，一种新型的基因，microRNA已被证明对植物和动物的基因活性调控有重大影响。这些microRNA基因以前没有被研究过它们在果实发育过程中的作用。我们的提案旨在揭示这些microRNA基因在控制水果发育中发挥的关键作用。该项目将为博士后学者提供高级培训，本科研究人员也将直接参与。该项目将参与一项正在进行的计划，其愿景是增加科学企业各个层面代表性不足的群体数量。在整个项目中，奖学金将允许来自圣地亚哥和洛杉矶不同高中的学生参加旨在招募他们从事科学事业和帮助保留的强化和扩展项目。因此，该项目将影响人力资源开发，理解植物科学的核心问题，并将适用于广泛的农业应用。